Science 10 Q3 Understanding Protein Synthesis

What is the role of mRNA in the process of protein synthesis?

• mRNA acts as a template for protein synthesis by conveying genetic information from DNA to ribosomes.

• mRNA transports amino acids to the nucleus.

• mRNA is responsible for DNA replication.

• mRNA functions as an enzyme in protein folding.

How does the process of transcription contribute to protein synthesis?

• Transcription converts mRNA back into DNA for storage.

• Transcription occurs in the ribosome where proteins are assembled.

• Transcription produces mRNA from DNA, which is essential for translating genetic information into proteins.

• Transcription directly synthesizes proteins from amino acids.

What is the significance of the ribosome in the process of translation?

• The ribosome is responsible for DNA replication.

• The ribosome helps in the breakdown of carbohydrates.

• The ribosome transports nutrients across the cell membrane.

• The ribosome is essential for synthesizing proteins by translating mRNA into amino acid sequences.

How does tRNA function during translation to ensure the correct sequence of amino acids?

• tRNA synthesizes mRNA from amino acids during translation.

• tRNA binds directly to ribosomes to initiate translation.

• tRNA acts as a catalyst to speed up the translation process.

• tRNA functions by matching its anticodon with mRNA codons to deliver the correct amino acids during translation.

What are the building blocks of proteins?

• Nucleotides

• Carbohydrates

• Fatty acids

• Amino acids

What is the process by which DNA is copied to mRNA called?

• Replication

• Transcription

• Translation

• Mutation

What is the function of the promoter region in DNA?

• The promoter region functions as a binding site for RNA polymerase to initiate transcription.

• The promoter region serves as a site for protein synthesis.

• The promoter region codes for amino acids in proteins.

• The promoter region is responsible for DNA replication.

How do ribosomes know where to start translating mRNA?

• Ribosomes start translating mRNA at the start codon (AUG).

• Ribosomes require a specific protein to start translation.

• Ribosomes begin translation at any random nucleotide.

• Ribosomes translate mRNA at the stop codon (UAA).

What is the role of amino acids in protein synthesis?

• Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins and are linked together during protein synthesis.

• Amino acids are responsible for DNA replication.

• Amino acids are only found in plant-based foods.

• Amino acids are primarily used for energy production.

What is the difference between transcription and translation?

• Transcription occurs in the cytoplasm, while translation occurs in the nucleus.

• Transcription produces DNA from RNA, while translation produces RNA from proteins.

• Transcription and translation both involve the synthesis of DNA from RNA.

• Transcription involves RNA synthesis from DNA, while translation involves protein synthesis from mRNA.