MWH Module 3 Section #1 Bellwork

What was a key characteristic of absolutist rulers like Louis XIV and Peter the Great?

• They believed in limited government.

• They shared power with elected representatives.

• They centralized power under their control.

• They encouraged direct democracy.

Match the leader with their contribution to absolutism.

• Louis XIV

• Westernized Russia; modernized the military

• John Locke

• Advocated for separation of powers

• Montesquieu

• "I am the state"; built Versailles as a symbol of power

• Peter the Great

• Believed in natural rights and government by consent

When studying primary and secondary sources, what is an important factor to consider?

• The length of the document

• The author's bias and perspective

• Whether the source is written in English

• The popularity of the source

The Enlightenment emphasized the idea that government should protect people's ​ (a)   , as argued by John Locke. Montesquieu proposed ​ (b)   to prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful.

• Natural rights
• Separation of Powers
• Divine Right
• Checks and Balances
• Freedom of Speech
• Absolute Monarchy
• Constitutional Monarchy
• Right to Revolution
• Social Contract

Which Enlightenment thinker argued that the best government is one where power is divided among branches?

• John Locke

• Voltaire

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

• Montesquieu

Match each source to its correct category.

Groups:

(a) Primary Sources

,

(b) Secondary Sources

• John Locke’s Two Treatises of Government

• A letter from Peter the Great about his reforms

• A history book analyzing the Enlightenment

• Abigail Adams letter to John Adams about women's rights

• A documentary about Louis XIV

• Mankind: The Story of All of Us docuseries

Which statement best explains how the Enlightenment influenced the development of governments?

• It reinforced the divine right of kings.

• It promoted the expansion of absolute monarchies.

• It introduced ideas of democracy, individual rights, and the separation of powers.

• It encouraged leaders to avoid political change.

John Locke’s ideas about government influenced the ​ (a)   , which declared that people have natural rights and can overthrow an unjust government. Montesquieu’s ideas inspired the ​ (b)   , which established checks and balances in the U.S.

• American Revolution
• U.S. Constitution
• Declaration of Sentiments
• Declaration of the Rights of Man
• Glorious Revolution
• Russian Revolution
• Napoleonic Code
• Magna Carta

Which of the following would John Locke and Jean Jacques Rousseau be most likely to support?

• a return to feudalism in Europe

• a government ruled by a divine right monarchy

• a society controlled by the Catholic Church

• the right of the citizens to decide the best form of government

"The rule of law is more powerful than the rule of the tyrant." - Simon Bolivar

"Whoever has the...supreme power...is bound to govern by established standing laws." - John Locke

These ideas were first expressed during which period of European history?

• Protestant Reformation

• Glorious Revolution

• Renaissance

• Enlightenment