Third Quarter Reviewer

Evelyn is studying the impact of different agricultural techniques on crop yield. She learns about a technology that modifies the DNA of living organisms to enhance their traits. What is this technology called?

• A process of breeding animals for specific traits

• A method of growing crops without using pesticides

• A technology that modifies the DNA of living organisms

• A natural process of evolution in living organisms

Evelyn, a farmer, is considering planting genetically modified (GM) crops on her farm. Why might she choose to do this?

• To make crops grow slower and use fewer resources

• To increase the crops' resistance to pests and diseases

• To reduce the genetic diversity of their crops

• To eliminate the need for water and sunlight

Consider the following statement made by Emma: "Genetic engineering should be banned because it is unnatural." Which of the following is the best evaluation of this statement?

• It is valid because all natural processes are safer than human-made technologies.

• It is invalid because genetic engineering has no impact on health or the environment.

• It is a subjective opinion, and decisions should also consider scientific evidence about the benefits and risks.

• It is correct because genetic engineering always leads to harmful consequences.

During a biology class, Jackson learned about various aspects of DNA. The following statements made by his classmates are all TRUE EXCEPT

• DNA ligase is used to amplify a single copy or a few copies of DNA.

• In agarose gel electrophoresis, the negatively charged DNA travels to the positive electrode and is separated based on size.

• Recombinant DNA is a combination of two different strands of DNA.

• The DNA is in the nucleus of the cell.

Nora is working on a project that involves the manipulation of genetic material (DNA) to achieve the desired goal in a predetermined way.

• Biotechnology

• Genetics

• Genetic engineering

• Recombinant DNA

Emma is conducting an experiment in her biology lab to manipulate the genome of a plant in order to produce desired traits such as increased resistance to pests.

• Gene manipulation

• Gene pharming

• Gene splicing

• Gene therapy

Avery was studying circular DNA molecules that can replicate independently of the main chromosomes of bacteria in her biology class.

• Cell

• Clone

• Plasmid

• Gene

In a groundbreaking experiment, a biotechnology researcher named Aria inserts a gene from a jellyfish into a mouse, resulting in the mouse's cells glowing under UV light. What type of organism has the mouse become as a result of this genetic modification?

• Genetic Engineering

• Human Genome Project

• Recombinant DNA

• Transgenic Animal

Ava is conducting an experiment in her biology lab to understand genetic manipulations. She wonders which organism is the most common choice for such experiments.

• Bacillus subtilis

• Cyanobacteria

• E. coli

• Saccharomyces cerevisiae

The first commercial application of genetic engineering was the use of bacteria to make insulin, a medicine needed by diabetics. Before the use of genetically engineered bacteria, insulin had to be harvested from the pancreases of slaughtered animals. How has genetic engineering most likely improved the lives of diabetics?

• It has made the demand for insulin decrease.

• It has made the incidence of diabetes decrease.

• It has made insulin cheaper and more readily available.

• It has made it easier for diabetics to inject themselves with insulin.