Understanding the Photoelectric Effect

What is the photoelectric effect?

• The photoelectric effect is the absorption of light by a material.

• The photoelectric effect is the reflection of light off a surface.

• The photoelectric effect is the generation of heat in a material when exposed to light.

• The photoelectric effect is the emission of electrons from a material when it is exposed to light.

Who first observed the photoelectric effect?

• Albert Einstein

• Heinrich Hertz

• Isaac Newton

• Niels Bohr

What is the threshold frequency in the context of the photoelectric effect?

• The threshold frequency is the minimum frequency of light required to initiate the photoelectric effect.

• The threshold frequency is the frequency at which electrons are emitted with maximum kinetic energy.

• The threshold frequency is the frequency of light that can be absorbed without causing any electron emission.

• The threshold frequency is the maximum frequency of light that can cause the photoelectric effect.

How does the intensity of light affect the photoelectric effect?

• Higher intensity increases the number of emitted electrons, but not their energy.

• Intensity has no effect on the photoelectric effect.

• Higher intensity increases the energy of emitted electrons.

• Lower intensity decreases the number of emitted electrons.

What is the role of photons in the photoelectric effect?

• Photons provide the energy needed to eject electrons from a metal surface in the photoelectric effect.

• Photons absorb electrons from a metal surface in the photoelectric effect.

• Photons create a magnetic field that attracts electrons in the photoelectric effect.

• Photons cool down the metal surface, preventing electron ejection in the photoelectric effect.

Explain the concept of work function in the photoelectric effect.

• The work function is the energy required to double the speed of an electron.

• The work function is the energy needed to ionize an atom completely.

• The work function is the minimum energy needed to eject an electron from a material in the photoelectric effect.

• The work function refers to the total energy of all electrons in a material.

What happens to electrons when they absorb photons?

• Electrons gain energy and may move to a higher energy level or be ejected from the atom.

• Electrons remain stationary and do not change state.

• Electrons are transformed into protons when absorbing photons.

• Electrons lose energy and fall to a lower energy level.

How does the photoelectric effect support the particle theory of light?

• The photoelectric effect demonstrates that light behaves only as a wave.

• The photoelectric effect shows that light cannot transfer energy to matter.

• The photoelectric effect supports the particle theory of light by showing that light consists of particles (photons) that can transfer energy to electrons.

• The photoelectric effect proves that light has no mass or particle-like properties.

What is the equation that relates energy of a photon to its frequency?

• E = hf

• E = pλ

• E = 1/2 mv^2

• E = mc^2

Describe an experiment that demonstrates the photoelectric effect.

• An experiment demonstrating the photoelectric effect involves shining light on a metal plate in a vacuum chamber and measuring the resulting current from emitted electrons.

• Heating a metal plate until it glows and measuring the emitted light intensity.

• Using a prism to split light and observing color changes in a metal plate.

• Shining light on a metal plate in air and measuring temperature changes.