AP World 5.3-5.5

Image 1 best illustrates which of the following broad economic transformations in the period circa 1750 ?

• The transition from an industrial to a postindustrial economy

• The transition from a human- and animal-powered economy to a fossil-fuel economy

• The transition from the First Industrial Revolution to the Second Industrial Revolution

• The transition from guild-system manufacturing to putting-out-system manufacturing

The image best illustrates which factor that contributed to Great Britain’s increasing prominence as a global power in the nineteenth century?

• Great Britain’s location on the Atlantic Ocean and its many waterways enabled it to import and export goods.

• Agricultural innovations, such as crop rotation and higher-yielding seeds, increased British agricultural output, kept food prices low, and freed up labor from the countryside.

• Great Britain’s rapidly growing population ensured a steady supply of industrial workers.

• Great Britain’s access to foreign resources from colonized territories provided raw materials for manufacturing.

Which of the following best explains industrialization?

• Use of machines in production

• Specialization of labor

• Changes in how things were produced

• All of these answers are correct

Which of the following most directly explains the importance of improved agricultural productivity to the industrialization of economic production in western Europe in the period 1750–1900 ?

• Because famines could be reduced, more land could be used for farming, expanding agricultural activities

• Because less labor was needed on farms, more people moved to urban areas to work in factories.

• Because farmers needed less land to produce the same amount of food, they could build textile factories on the excess land.

• Because greater quantities of food could be sold at higher prices, governments could tax farmers at higher rates and use those revenues to build factories.

The industrialization of Great Britain’s economy in the mid-eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries is most directly explained by which of the following?

• Britain had large reserves of petroleum.

• British scientists were the first to discover electricity.

• Britain had large reserves of coal.

• British engineers developed new methods of producing cheaper steel.

The development of the factory system most directly explains which of the following characteristics of the Industrial Revolution in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries?

• The higher degree of educational achievement among workers

• A decline in the diversity of consumer goods

• Large increases in the prices of most consumer goods

• The greater degree of labor specialization

Which of the following factors contributed most to the increase of world population in the period 1750 to 1900 C.E.?

• A decline in the frequency and deadliness of warfare

• Improvements in agricultural productivity and food distribution

• Improvements in rural health care

• A rapid increase in birth rates throughout the globe

The beginning of the Industrial Revolution in Great Britain was most influenced by which of the following factors?

• The amount and location of British petroleum reserves

• The location and large number of British coal deposits

• The aggressive promotion of industrialization by George III

• The spread of cotton cultivation in southern England

The “second Industrial Revolution” in the last half of the nineteenth century was associated with the mass production of which of the following groups of products?

• Textiles, iron, and coal

• Textiles, automobiles, and plastics

• Airplanes, ships, and radios

• Electricity, automobiles, and steel

In which economic system is the GOVERNMENT in control of land, resources, and factories?

• Socialism

• Capitalism

• Communism