The Roman Empire and the Rise of Christianity

Which of the following was responsible for the destruction of the relationship shown in the diagram?

• Octavian’s desire to rule Greece

• Antony’s relationship with the queen of Egypt

• Cleopatra’s desire to become the sole leader of Rome

• Lepidus’s relationship with the former dictator of Rome

Romans viewed the Christians as traitors because they __________.

• refused to worship the emperor and cremated their dead

• would not become gladiators

• refused to worship the emperor or serve in the army

• would not worship Greek gods

When the Roman government began to persecute Christians under Nero, __________.

• Christianity almost disappeared

• the Christians had to cremate their dead

• Jews hid them in their homes

• Christianity was outlawed

The Zealots were Jews who believed __________.

• they should fight the Romans

• they should accept Roman rule

• they should set up a new country

• religious laws must be followed

What happened after the Jews rebelled against the Romans in A.D. 132?

• Jews converted to Christianity when they were banned from Jerusalem.

• Jews took control of Jerusalem.

• Jews remained committed to Judaism despite being banned from Jerusalem.

• The war was peacefully resolved.

The large, cheering crowds that greeted Jesus in Jerusalem __________, __________, and __________.

• provided government leaders with an excuse to charge him with treason

• believed he was the messiah

• gave him all of their money

• thought he healed the sick and performed miracles

Select the three reasons why Christianity spread.

• Christians were persecuted.

• The early church allowed women to play important roles.

• It offered comfort to poor people.

• Roman roads allowed Christians to travel safely.

The religious beliefs of Christian Byzantines and Romans who worshiped Roman gods were similar in that both peoples __________.

• viewed the pope as the head of their religion

• worshiped their emperor

• looked to Charlemagne to end religious warfare

• worshiped Greek gods and goddesses

As the Christian church became more organized, __________.

• bishops lost power to the priests

• women lost the powerful roles in the church they had enjoyed earlier

• the laity decided on church doctrine

• the pope was overthrown

The pope is the leader of the __________.

• Roman Catholic Church

• Greek Orthodox Church

• the Protestants

• Roman gods