Review - Unit 1 AOS 2 Chapter 3 Earths deep history

What was the solar system initially composed of about 4.5 billion years ago?

• A solid mass of rock

• A cloud of dust and gas with some heavier atoms

• A collection of ice and water

• A cluster of stars

What process caused the material in the solar nebula to collapse?

• Electromagnetic forces

• Nuclear decay

• Gravity

• Chemical reactions

What was the result of atoms colliding in the solar nebula?

• Formation of ice crystals

• Creation of magnetic fields

• Generation of enough heat to fuse protons together

• Production of sound waves

What did nuclear fusion transform matter into during the formation of the Sun?

• Large amounts of energy

• Solid rock

• Liquid water

• Magnetic fields

What held the material not absorbed during nuclear fusion in a swirling orbit?

• Earth's gravity

• Sun's gravity

• Moon's gravity

• Jupiter's gravity

What did the heavier elements combine to form at the center of the Earth?

• Crust

• Mantle

• Core

• Atmosphere

What resulted in the molten mantle layer?

• Cooling of the surface

• Pressure and heat from radioactive decay

• Gravitational pull

• Solar radiation

What was created when the surface of the Earth cooled?

• Core

• Mantle

• Crust

• Atmosphere

According to the nebula hypothesis, what forms from hydrogen and helium left over from the big bang?

• A black hole

• A nebula

• A comet

• A planet

What forms at the center of the accretionary disk due to gravity pulling gas and dust inward?

• A black hole

• A planet

• The proto-Sun

• A star cluster