The Enlightenment

Match the following

• Montesquieu

• 
• John Locke

• 
• Thomas Hobbes

• 
• Rousseau

• 
• Voltaire

• 

Match the following

• Philosophers

• A ruler with unlimited power.

• Separation of powers

• A group of French thinkers from the 18th Century.

• Censor

• A belief that opinions and actions should be based on reason.

• Rationalism

• Dividing government responsibilities into different branches.

• Despot

• Suppress the information of...

Match the following

• Natural Rights

• A theory favoring freedom of action for individuals.

• Individualism

• Basic human rights that people are born with.

• Social Contract

• An implicit agreement between people and government.

Match each philosopher’s written work with the name of the philosopher who created it.

Two Treatises on Government​ - ​ (a)  

The Social Contract - ​ (b)  

The Spirit of the Laws - ​ (c)  

Leviathan - ​ (d)  

Candide - ​ (e)  

• John Locke
• Jean-Jacques Rousseau
• Baron de Montesquieu
• Thomas Hobbes
• Voltaire
• Friedrich Nietzsche
• Karl Marx
• Søren Kierkegaard

Which of the following best describes the Enlightenment's impact on traditional views supported by the Christian church?

• It reinforced traditional views.

• It completely ignored traditional views.

• It challenged traditional views through reason.

• It had no impact on traditional views.

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Understanding

Enlightenment thinkers believed that individuals were born with natural rights. Which of the following is NOT considered a natural right according to John Locke?

• Life

• Liberty

• Property

• Wealth

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Remembering

The Enlightenment philosophers emphasized the importance of reason and ___.

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Understanding

Who among the following philosophers believed in the separation of powers within government?

• Thomas Hobbes

• John Locke

• Voltaire

• Montesquieu

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Remembering

According to the passage, which philosopher is known for the idea that people are naturally aggressive and need strong rulers?

• John Locke

• Voltaire

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

• Thomas Hobbes

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Remembering

The Enlightenment was a period of intellectual change during the 17th and 18th centuries, focusing on reason and ___.

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Understanding