APWH 6.4 & 6.5

What was a key characteristic of the Second Industrial Revolution?

• Development of steel, electricity, and chemicals

• Increased use of coal and steam power

• Decline of global trade networks

• Deindustrialization in Western Europe

Which innovation had the greatest impact on global transportation during this period?

• Steamships and railroads

• Horse-drawn carriages

• The printing press

• Solar power

The Bessemer Process improved the production of:

• Textiles

• Steel

• Rubber

• Opium

The Trans-Siberian Railway was built to:

• Connect Russia with the Pacific Ocean

• Expand British control in India

• Link American markets with Europe

• Transport gold from Africa

Which of the following best describes a corporation in the 19th century?

• A business owned by stockholders who share profits

• A government-controlled economic system

• A religious organization funding industrial growth

• A small business owned by one family

Rubber plantations were most commonly established in:

• The Amazon and Southeast Asia

• North America and Japan

• Western Europe and India

• Russia and China

Why was gold a critical resource during this period?

• It backed national currencies under the gold standard

• It was a primary fuel for industrial machines

• It replaced coal as the dominant energy source

• It was used to manufacture steel

The oil industry expanded rapidly due to demand for:

• Kerosene and lubrication for machines

• Railroads and steel production

• Cotton processing and textiles

• Precious metals for trade

The rise of monopolies in the 19th century meant that:

• A single company controlled an entire industry

• Governments owned all businesses

• Small businesses thrived with less competition

• Workers gained more rights and better wages

Cash crops such as cotton and sugar were primarily grown for:

• Export to industrialized nations

• Local subsistence farming

• Supporting indigenous self-sufficiency

• Reducing the influence of European powers