Genetics Quiz 1 Review

What is the likelihood that the offspring will be green (G)?

• 25%

• 50%

• 75%

• 100%

Answer explanation

In a typical Mendelian inheritance scenario, if G is dominant and g is recessive, a cross between two heterozygous parents (Gg x Gg) results in a 1:2:1 ratio of genotypes. Thus, 50% of the offspring will be green (G).

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

NGSS.HS-LS4-3

Dominant alleles are represented by a:

• capital letter

• lowercase letter

Answer explanation

Dominant alleles are represented by a capital letter, while recessive alleles are denoted by a lowercase letter. Therefore, the correct choice is a capital letter.

What allele combination should go in the missing box?

• AA

• Aa

• aa

• none of these

Answer explanation

The correct allele combination is Aa, which represents a heterozygous genotype. This combination includes one dominant allele (A) and one recessive allele (a), making it the appropriate choice for the missing box.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

AA and Aa will both show up as ___________________ traits.

• dominant

• recessive

Answer explanation

AA and Aa both contain at least one dominant allele (A), which means they will express the dominant trait. Only the presence of two recessive alleles (aa) would result in a recessive trait.

Each one of the boxes on the Punnett Square represents what percentage?

• 25%

• 1%

• 10%

• 0%

Answer explanation

Each box in a Punnett Square represents a possible genotype combination from the parents. With two alleles from each parent, there are four combinations, making each box represent 25% of the total outcomes.

What is the likelihood that the offspring will be yellow?

• 0%

• 25%

• 50%

• 75%

Answer explanation

In a typical Mendelian inheritance scenario, if yellow is a recessive trait, the likelihood of offspring being yellow is 25% when both parents are heterozygous. Thus, the correct answer is 25%.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

Which characteristic is inherited?

• hair color

• sleeping late

• enjoying hiking

• loving to read

Answer explanation

Hair color is a genetic trait passed from parents to offspring, making it an inherited characteristic. In contrast, sleeping late, enjoying hiking, and loving to read are influenced by personal choices and environment.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Traits are passed on from one living thing to another through

• DNA

• blood

• minerals

• calories

Answer explanation

Traits are inherited through DNA, which carries genetic information from parents to offspring. Blood, minerals, and calories do not transmit genetic traits.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

What is the likelihood that the offspring will be yellow (g)?

• 25%

• 50%

• 75%

• 100%

Answer explanation

In a typical Mendelian inheritance scenario, if yellow (g) is a recessive trait, the likelihood of offspring being yellow is 50% when both parents are heterozygous (Gg). Thus, the correct answer is 50%.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

NGSS.HS-LS3-3

What is the likelihood that the offspring will be green?

• 0%

• 25%

• 50%

• 75%

Answer explanation

In a typical genetic cross, if green is a dominant trait, and both parents are heterozygous (Gg), the Punnett square shows that 75% of the offspring will express the green phenotype (GG or Gg). Thus, the likelihood is 75%.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

NGSS.HS-LS3-3