Cell Structure and Function Concepts (2)

Which of the following is a mitochondrion?

• Structure A

• Structure B

• Structure C

• Structure D

Answer explanation

Structure B is a mitochondrion, characterized by its double membrane and distinct inner folds called cristae, which are essential for energy production in cells. The other structures do not exhibit these features.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

Which of the following cell structures is the site of photosynthesis?

• Golgi apparatus

• Mitochondria

• Chloroplasts

• Centrioles

Answer explanation

Chloroplasts are the cell structures responsible for photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy in plants. The other options, such as mitochondria and Golgi apparatus, serve different functions in the cell.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-6

Which of the following statements correclt describes a difference between plant cells and animal cells?

• Plant cells have an evelope surrounding the nucleus. Animals cells do not.

• Animal cells contain mitochondria. Plant cells do not.

• Animal cells contain chloroplasts. Plant cells do not.

• Plant cells are surrounded by a cell wall. Animail cells do not.

Answer explanation

The correct statement is that plant cells are surrounded by a cell wall, while animal cells do not have this structure. This is a key difference between the two types of cells.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

Which of the following is nicknames the "powerhouse" of the cell?

• Nucleolus

• Vesicles

• Mitochondrion

• Golgi apparatus

Answer explanation

The mitochondrion is often referred to as the "powerhouse" of the cell because it is responsible for producing ATP, the energy currency of the cell, through cellular respiration.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-7

What is the primary function of the cell wall in plant cells?

• To synthesize proteins

• To facilitate cell division

• To provide structural support and protection

• To store nutrients

Answer explanation

The primary function of the cell wall in plant cells is to provide structural support and protection, helping maintain cell shape and preventing damage from external forces.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis in the cell?

• Lysosome

• Vacuole

• Ribosome

• Chloroplast

Answer explanation

The ribosome is the organelle responsible for protein synthesis in the cell. It translates messenger RNA (mRNA) into polypeptide chains, forming proteins essential for various cellular functions.

Which of the following structures is found in both plant and animal cells?

• Cell wall

• Chloroplast

• Endoplasmic reticulum

• Central vacuole

Answer explanation

The endoplasmic reticulum is present in both plant and animal cells, serving as a site for protein and lipid synthesis. In contrast, the cell wall, chloroplast, and central vacuole are specific to plant cells.

What cell part is NOT found in all cells?

• Chloroplasts

• Cell Membrane

• Cytoplasm

• DNA

Answer explanation

Chloroplasts are not found in all cells; they are specific to plant cells and some algae. In contrast, the cell membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleus are present in all cell types, making chloroplasts the correct answer.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-1

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

In what organelle is the genetic material found inside?

• Endoplasmic Reticulum

• Golgi Complex

• Nucleolus

• Nucleus

Answer explanation

The genetic material, DNA, is found inside the nucleus, which is the organelle responsible for storing and protecting genetic information. The other options do not contain genetic material.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

A rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides support to the cell

• Cell Membrane

• Cell Wall

• Vacuole

• Cilia

Answer explanation

The cell wall is a rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane, providing support and protection to the cell. In contrast, the cell membrane is flexible, and vacuoles and cilia serve different functions.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-1

NGSS.MS-LS1-2