AP Biology FRQ

Which of the following would likely diffuse through the lipid bilayer of a plasma membrane most rapidly?

• sucrose.

• an amino acid.

• O₂.

• Na⁺.

Which of the following processes is an "umbrella" term for the others?

• Osmosis.

• Facilitated diffusion.

• Passive transport.

• Transport of an ion down its electrochemical gradient.

_______ regulates what enters and leaves a cell.  

• Cell Membrane

• Nucleus

• Mitochondria

• Cytoplasm

White blood cells engulf bacteria using _______________.

• phagocytosis

• pinocytosis

• osmosis

• receptor-mediated exocytosis

Which of the following factors would tend to increase membrane fluidity?

• a greater proportion of unsaturated phospholipids

• a greater proportion of saturated phospholipids

• a lower temperature

• a relatively high protein content in the membrane

Which of the following membrane activities requires energy from ATP?

• Facilitated diffusion of chloride ions through a chloride channel.

• Movement of Na⁺ ions from lower concentration in a mammalian cell to a higher concentration in the extracellular fluid.

• Movement of glucose molecules into a bacteria cell from a medium containing a higher concentration of glucose than inside the cell.

• Movement of carbon dioxide out of a paramecium.

An animal cell lacking in carbohydrates on the external surface of its plasma membrane would likely be impaired in which function?

• transporting ions against an electrochemical gradient

• cell-cell recognition

• attaching the plasma membrane to the cytoskeleton

• establishing a diffusion barrier to charged molecules

Which 4 elements make up most of all living matter?

• Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen

• Carbon, Oxygen, Sodium, Potassium

• Carbon, Hydrogen, Calcium, Nitrogen

• Carbon, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Sulfur

When atoms share electrons unequally...

• nonpolar covalent bond is formed.

• ionic bond is formed.

• polar covalent bond is formed.

• hydrogen bond is formed.

A group of two or more atoms that are bonded together

• elements

• isotopes

• molecules

• essential elements of life

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