Early Earth Biology

The ancient Greeks believed life was created from non-living objects. Louis Pasteur proved otherwise in 1864. Which theory explains Pasteur’s work?

• the Big Bang theory

• the theory of biogenesis

• the theory of abiogenesis

• the theory of natural selection

Which cellular organelle is thought to have evolved from a prokaryote that was able to use oxygen?

• chloroplast

• ribosome

• mitochondria

• nucleus

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NGSS.HS-LS4-2

Which statement provides evidence that mitochondria most likely evolved when a primitive eukaryotic cell engulfed a prokaryotic bacteria?

• Both mitochondria and bacteria have a circular DNA molecule.

• Both mitochondria and bacteria have the same type of ribosomes.

• Both mitochondria and bacteria have a double-membrane nucleus.

• Both mitochondria and bacteria have the same amount of cytoplasm.

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NGSS.HS-LS4-1

According to the fossil record, when did episodes of rapid speciation commonly take place?

• while Earth’s continents were joined

• while Earth’s habitats were stable

• before major climatic changes

• following mass extinctions

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NGSS.HS-LS4-5

Which of the following rock types would most likely contain fossils?

• sedimentary rock composed of limestone

• igneous rock ejected from a volcano

• metamorphic rock

• hardened lava

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

Scientists hypothesize that oxygen buildup in the atmosphere resulted from __________.

• cellular respiration

• photosynthesis

• chemosynthesis

• rock weathering

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NGSS.HS-LS1-5

NGSS.HS-LS2-5

Which two organelles found in eukaryotic cells indicate an endosymbiotic origin?

• mitochondria and chloroplasts

• nucleus and mitochondria

• chloroplasts and cell wall

• ribosomes and nucleus

The study of living organisms.

• Chemistry

• Biology

• Physics

• Math

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NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS1-2

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

NGSS.HS-LS1-5

NGSS.HS-LS4-1

Which of the following theories suggests that life on Earth began from simple organic compounds?

• A) Panspermia

• B) Abiogenesis

• C) Biogenesis

• D) Endosymbiosis

What is the significance of the Miller-Urey experiment in understanding early Earth biology?

• A) It demonstrated the formation of complex life forms from simple molecules.

• B) It showed that organic molecules could form under prebiotic conditions.

• C) It proved that life originated from outer space.

• D) It confirmed the presence of oxygen in early Earth's atmosphere.