AP Bio Transcription and Translation

Which enzyme is responsible for adding nucleotides?

• Topoisomerase

• DNA Polymerase

• Ligase

• Primase

Why is DNA important?

• it is very small and very complicated

• it's in everything

• it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things

• because we eat it every day for energy

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

Given the locally unwound double strand in Figure 14.3, in which direction does the RNA polymerase move?

• 5' → 3' along the double-stranded DNA

• 3' → 5' along the complementary strand

• 5' → 3' along the template strand

• 5' → 3' along the complementary strand

• 3' → 5' along the template strand

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Transcription in eukaryotes requires which of the following in addition to RNA polymerase?

• aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase

• ribosomes and tRNA

• the protein product of the promoter

• start and stop codons

• several transcription factors

Which of the following best describes the significance of the TATA box in eukaryotic promoters?

• It signals the end of the nucleotide sequence of the gene.

• It is the recognition site for a specific transcription factor.

• It is the recognition site for ribosomal binding.

• It sets the reading frame of the mRNA.

A eukaryotic transcription unit that is 8,000 nucleotides long may use 1,200 nucleotides to make a protein consisting of approximately 400 amino acids. This is best explained by the fact

• there is redundancy in the genetic code.

• there are termination exons near the beginning of mRNA.

• many nucleotides are needed to code for each amino acid.

• many noncoding stretches of nucleotides are present in eukaryotic DNA.

Which of the following DNA mutations is likely to have the most negative effect on the protein it specifies?

• a codon substitution

• a base-pair deletion

• a codon deletion

• a substitution in the last base of a codon

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

The nontemplate strand of a portion of a gene reads

5′ ACT GGT TCA. What will be the sequence of the resulting transcript for this portion?

• 5′ UGA CCA AGU

• 5′ ACU GGU UCA

• 5′ UGA ACC AGU

• 5′ ACU UGG UCA

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

In the transcription event of the DNA in Figure 14.3, where would the promoter be located?

• to the right of the sense strand

• at the 3' end of the newly made RNA

• to the right of the template strand

• to the left of the sense strand

• to the left of the template strand

Which of the following does not occur in prokaryotic gene expression, but does occur in eukaryotic gene expression?

• A poly-A tail is added to the 3' end of an mRNA and a cap is added to the 5' end.

• Transcription can begin as soon as translation has begun even a little.

• RNA polymerase requires a primer to elongate the molecule.

• RNA polymerase binds to the promoter.

• mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA are transcribed.