L.15.1

__________________________ a process by which organisms with favorable traits produce more offspring.

• fossil record

• natural selection

• evolve

• overproduction

________________ level of organism classification, containing only one type of organism

• shark

• species

• population

• individual

The grass snake's skin color look like the plan stalk, it is able to hide from predators! This a form of ______________ that results of natural selection.

• artificial selection

• camouflage

• extinction

• variation

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NGSS.MS-LS4-4

The diagram provided is a phylogenetic tree. It shows how groups of organisms are related through a shared evolutionary history. The fossil's remains of a creature that is the common ancestor of amphibians, primates, rodents, crocodiles, and birds is discovered. This fossil represents an organism represented by which labeled location on the diagram?

• A

• B

• C

• D

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2

Evolutionary theory predicts that related organisms will share similarities that are derived from common ancestors. Which of the following CANNOT be concluded from the fossil evidence?

• The chronological sequence in which different organisms first appeared.

• Evidence of every species that has ever existed

• Links between groups leading to various modern species

• Relation through common descent from older organisms

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2

Lily is comparing the bones of the forelimbs (wing or arm) of three animals. An illustration of the three is shown. Even though birds and bats both have wings, the skeletal structure is more similar between bats and humans. What is the most reasonable conclusion that can be drawn from these observations?

• Birds and bats are closely related to each other, while humans are unrelated to both.

• The common ancestor of birds and bats must have had wings and flown.

• Humans live in habitats very different from the habitats of both birds and bats.

• Humans and bats share a closer evolutionary history with each other than with birds.

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2

Over the evolutionary history of a certain kind of fish, the trend is an increasing number of teeth. The data tables provides information for several examples.A fossil of a new species of this type of fish (W. amateguorumis discovered. The complete fossil skeleton is found, and it has 34 teeth. The most reasonable estimation for the age of this fossil would be which of the following?

• About 20 million years old

• About 30 million years old

• About 70 millions years old

• About 100 millions years old

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NGSS.MS-LS4-1

The phylogenetic tree is one tool used to show how varying species may have evolved over time. A phylogenetic tree diagram is provided. A fossil that shares a common ancestor with birds and crocodiles, but not primates, would belong in which labeled location on the diagram?

• A

• B

• C

• D

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2

Which of the following best describes how observation of the fossil record supports the theory of evolution?

• Hard parts of animals, such as bone and teeth, are much more likely to become fossilized than other parts made of soft tissue.

• The fossils found in rock layers of different ages are related to, but different from, fossils found in rock layers above and below.

• The fossil record has many more examples of organisms that lived in the water where their remains were more likely to be buried quickly.

• Close examination of fossils can reveal details and the diet, environment, and even behaviors of the organisms the fossils represent.

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2

Anatomical similarities and differences between various organisms allow us to reconstruct and infer evolutionary history and descent. The bones of the forelimbs (wing or arm) of three animals are shown in the illustration. Which of the following is NOT a reasonable conclusion that can be drawn from the similarities and differences found in this illustration?

• Birds, bats, and humans have bones and structures that allow them to function.

• Different structures allow for different functions.

• Humans live in habitats that are very different from that of birds and bats.

• Humans and bats share a closer evolutionary history with each other than with birds.

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2