Ohio Science Test

What is the definition of GEOLOGIC COLUMN?

• An ordered arrangement of rock layers that is based on the relative ages of the rocks (older rocks are at the bottom).

• Any method of measuring the age of an event or object in years.

• Fossils that are used to estimate the absolute age of the rock layers in which they are found. These organisms must have lived during a short time span, have unique features, and be common over large areas.

• Stable isotope that forms after the parent isotope decays.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

What is the definition of RADIOACTIVE DECAY?

• The scientific study of the origin, history, and structure of Earth and the processes that shape Earth.

• The time required for half of a sample of a radioactive isotope to break down by radioactive decay to form a daughter isotope.

• The process in which a radioactive isotope tends to break down into a stable isotope of the same element or another element.

• Isotope that is unstable and decays; also called a parent isotope.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-8

What is the definition of PARENT ISOTOPE?

• Isotope that is unstable and decays; also called a radioactive isotope.

• Stable isotope that forms after the parent isotope decays.

• The time required for half of a sample of a radioactive isotope to break down by radioactive decay to form a daughter isotope.

• Any method of determining whether an event or object is older or younger than other events or objects.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-8

What is the definition of HALF-LIFE?

• Isotope that is unstable and decays; also called a radioactive isotope.

• Stable isotope that forms after the parent isotope decays.

• The time required for half of a sample of a radioactive isotope to break down by radioactive decay to form a daughter isotope.

• Any method of determining whether an event or object is older or younger than other events or objects.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-8

What is the definition of INDEX FOSSIL?

• Any method of determining whether an event or object is older or younger than other events or objects.

• The standard method used to divide Earth's long natural history into manageable intervals of time.

• Fossils that are used to estimate the absolute age of the rock layers in which they are found. These organisms must have lived during a short time span, have unique features, and be common over large areas.

• The trace or remains of an organism that lived long ago, most commonly preserved in sedimentary rock.

What is the definition of GEOLOGY?

• The trace or remains of an organism that lived long ago, most commonly preserved in sedimentary rock.

• The standard method used to divide Earth's long natural history into manageable intervals of time.

• All fossils discovered on Earth.

• The scientific study of the origin, history, and structure of Earth and the processes that shape Earth.

What is the definition of GEOLOGIC TIME SCALE?

• The trace or remains of an organism that lived long ago, most commonly preserved in sedimentary rock.

• The standard method used to divide Earth's long natural history into manageable intervals of time.

• All fossils discovered on Earth.

• The scientific study of the origin, history, and structure of Earth and the processes that shape Earth.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

Students constructed a simplified model showing the role convection currents play in transferring energy within the layers of Earth's interior. The diagram shows the students' model. Cork : ​ (a)   Heat Source: ​ (b)   Water: ​ (c)  

• Crust

• Core

• Mantle

Answer explanation

This item requires the student to interpret a model of the role of convection currents in energy transfer. The student must examine the model and identify which parts correspond to various parts of Earth’s interior. The heat source represents Earth’s core, which is a source of the uneven heating in Earth’s mantle. The water represents Earth’s mantle, which is able to support convection currents created by uneven heating. The cork represents Earth’s crustal tectonic plates, which move with the underlying convection currents.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

A student sprinkles iron filings on a clear sheet of plastic. The student then places the sheet of plastic on top of a bar magnet and taps the edge. The iron filings take the shape shown. Where is the magnetic force on the iron filings strongest and how do you know?

• region A because it is closest to the magnetic pole

• region B because it is in the direct center of the magnet

• region C because the iron filings form a curved line there

• region D because it is the greatest distance from the poles

Answer explanation

A magnetic pole is the part of a magnet that exerts the strongest force on other magnets or magnetic material, such as iron.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-5

A stream flows from high to lower elevation into a lake.

In which location does the greatest amount of deposition occur?

• location 1

• location 2

• location 3

• location 4

Answer explanation

This item requires the student to identify the area with the most deposition for a stream emptying into a lake. As water is pulled by gravity and flows downhill toward the lake both erosion and deposition are taking place at rates which 10 (2021) depend on a variety of factors. One of those factors is velocity. The steeper the slope the greater the velocity of the water and the more sediment load the stream can carry. Steep areas will generally have more erosion and less deposition. Water flowing over flatter areas will have less velocity, resulting in more deposition. When flowing water enters a lake, it reduces velocity significantly and is unable to carry as much sediment as previously. The greatest amount of deposition for a stream is generally where it empties into a large body of water such as a lake or ocean.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2