Ohio Science Test

A farmer grows peaches and nectarines, which are two varieties of the same tree species. One difference between the two fruits is that peaches have fuzzy skin, while nectarines have smooth skin. The allele for skin fuzz, F, is dominant over the allele for smooth skin, f.

The farmer performs several crosses using peaches and nectarines. 

Which cross shows the parent generation that will most likely result in the highest percentage of nectarine offspring?

• Ff x Ff

• FF x ff

• Ff x ff

• FF x ff

Answer explanation

Nectarines are recessive. In order to get the most offspring with ff (homozygous recessive, the parents have to be Ff x ff.

What is the definition of EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE?

• A testable idea or explanation that leads to scientific investigation.

• The observations, measurements, and other types of data that people gather and test to support and evaluate scientific explanations.

• A systemic study of natural events and conditions.

• A descriptive statement or equation that reliably predicts events under certain conditions.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

What is the definition of THEORY?

• A descriptive statement or equation that reliably predicts events under certain conditions.

• The application of science and mathematics to solve real-life problems.

• The process of obtaining information by using the senses; the information obtained by using the senses.

• A system of ideas that explains how things happen, supported by a large body of evidence acquired through scientific investigation.

What is the definition of EXPERIMENT?

• The giving up of one thing in return for another, often applied to the engineering design process.

• An organized procedure to study something under controlled conditions.

• Information gathered by observation or experimentation that can be used in calculating or reasoning.

• The application of science for practical purposes; the use of tools, machines, materials, and processes to meet human needs.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

What is the definition of OBSERVATION?

• A pattern, plan, representation, or description designed to show the structure or workings of an object, system, or concept.

• A testable idea or explanation that leads to scientific investigation.

• The process of obtaining information by using the senses; the information obtained by using the senses.

• The application of science for practical purposes; the use of tools, machines, materials, and processes to meet human needs.

Tags

NGSS.3-PS2-2

NGSS.5-PS1-3

What is the definition of MATERIALS SCIENCE?

• The study of the characteristics and uses of materials in science and technology.

• A pattern, plan, representation, or description designed to show the structure or workings of an object, system, or concept.

• The application of science and mathematics to solve real-life problems.

• In a scientific investigation, the factor that is deliberately manipulated.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS1-3

What is the definition of HYPOTHESIS?

• In a scientific investigation, the factor that is deliberately manipulated.

• Any factor that can change in an experiment, observation, or model.

• A systemic study of the natural events and conditions.

• A testable idea or explanation that leads to scientific investigation.

What is the definition of INDEPENDENT VARIABLE?

• Any factor that can change in an experiment, observation, or model.

• In a scientific investigation, the factor that is deliberately manipulated.

• A testable idea or explanation that leads to scientific investigation.

• The evaluation of the materials and energy used for the manufacture, transportation, sale, use, and disposal of a technology.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

What is the definition of SCIENCE?

• The observations, measurements, and other types of data that people gather and test to support and evaluate scientific explanations.

• The systemic study of the natural world.

• An organized procedure to study something under controlled conditions.

• A condition or factor that is assumed to have one value, or remain unchanged, throughout a particular investigation.

What is the definition of VARIABLE?

• A condition or factor that is assumed to have one value, or remain unchanged, throughout a particular investigation.

• A testable idea or explanation that leads to scientific investigation.

• A descriptive statement or equation that reliably predicts events under certain conditions.

• Any factor that can change in an experiment, observation, or model.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-2