EOC Macromolecules

A certain protein is found in eggs. Which of the following would best describe the molecular structure of this protein?

• A group of six carbon atoms joined in a ring.

• A chain of amino acids folded and twisted into a molecule.

• A set of three fatty acids attached to a molecule of glycerol.

• A sequence of nitrogen bases attached to a sugar phosphate backbone.

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Which of the following is the main reason that human needs to include carbohydrates in their diet?

• Carbohydrates are broken down in cells for energy.

• Carbohydrates combine to form many different proteins.

• Carbohydrates act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions.

• Carbohydrates are the building blocks for cell growth and repair.

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• a

• b

• c

• d

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• carbohydrate

• lipid

• nucleic acid

• protein

• DNA

• glucosamine

• insulin

• vitamin D

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Which compounds interact to form proteins?

• nucleic acids

• amino acids

• simple sugars

• fatty acids

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Which statement describes a property shared by lipids and carbohydrates?

• Both dissolve in water

• Both are sources of energy for a cell

• Both have the same number of oxygen atoms

• Both have the same number of carbon-hydrogen bonds.

A student examined a food label and noticed that one serving of the food contained 4 grams of lipids and 4 grams of carbohydrates. Which argument could be supported by this evidence?

• The food provided equal amounts of energy from lipids and carbohydrates.

• The food provides equal amounts of energy from lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins.

• The food provides more energy from lipids than from carbohydrates.

• Each macromolecule of carbohydrate in this food bonds to a lipid macromolecule.

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Students were given a kit for modeling organic molecules. The kit contains balls in three different colors to represent carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. The kit also contained small sticks to connect the balls. Which compounds could be modeled using this kit?

• nucleic acids

• lipids

• carbohydrates

• proteins

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If nucleic acids code for proteins, which is a function of proteins?

• To store energy for long-term use

• To store heredity information

• To provide a quick supply of energy

• To provide structure and transport materials in cells

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