Vascular Resistance and Blood Flow

Which best explains how the vascular system maintains blood pressure?

• Arterioles dilate or constrict to provide the correct amount of resistance to blood flow.

• Medium-sized veins constrict to help maintain blood pressure when blood pressure drops.

• Distributing arteries carry blood evenly throughout the body to maintain a stable blood pressure.

• Veins and arteries work together to maintain blood pressure at or near 110/70 mm Hg.

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What effect does reducing peripheral resistance have?

• It decreases blood flow and increases blood pressure.

• It increases cardiac output.

• It increases blood flow and decreases blood pressure.

• It decreases cardiac output and increases blood pressure.

Which is the most significant factor affecting peripheral resistance?

• Blood viscosity

• Blood vessel length

• Blood vessel diameter

• Blood pH

What is the purpose of the valves in veins?

• Keep oxygenated blood from mixing with unoxygenated blood

• Prevent the backflow of blood

• Aid in the redirection of blood flow

• Aid in the pumping of blood

True or False: The larger the blood vessel diameter, the more resistance there is to blood flow.

• True

• False

blood flow is measured in

• mm/hg

• ml/min

• beats/min

• mm/min

The reason blood constantly circulates is because of:

• The beating of the heart

• Low Viscosity

• Pressure Gradients

• Vasoconstriction and Vasodilation

The middle layer of blood vessels; composed of smooth muscle and elastic tissue:

• Tunica externa

• Tunica media

• Tunica intima<br />

• Lumen

How does vasodilation decrease blood pressure?

• It increases cardiac output, which means less pressure is required to maintain blood flow to tissues.

• It increases venous return, which decreases the amount of pressure needed to return blood to the heart.

• It slows blood velocity; less velocity requires less pressure.

• It decreases resistance, which means less pressure is required to overcome the resistance.

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The vessels that carry blood away from the heart are:

• Capillaries

• Sinusoids

• Veins

• Arteries