Temperature and Thermal Energy

Which has more total thermal energy?

• Iceberg

• Coffee

• They are the same

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NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Which has more total thermal energy?

• Small glass

• Big jug

• They are the same

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Lava is hot liquid rock. When lava flows over solid ground, the solid ground beneath it increases in temperature. What happens to the molecules in the solid ground when the temperature is increasing?

• More heat molecules combine with the molecules in the ground.

• The cold energy of the molecules in the ground decreases.

• The energy of the molecules in the ground decreases.

• The energy of the molecules in the ground increases.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

An architect is stacking pieces of plastic to make two columns in a model building. The diagram above shows the pieces of plastic before they touch each other. Use the information in the diagram to answer the question. After they have been touching for a while, which of the two top plastic pieces will be cooler, and why?

• The larger top plastic piece will be cooler than the smaller top plastic piece. It started with more total energy, so less energy had to transfer for both pieces in the stack to reach the same total energy.

• The larger top plastic piece will be cooler than the smaller top plastic piece, because the energy that transferred to it was spread out over more molecules.

• Both pieces will be the same temperature, because both of the bottom pieces had the same amount of energy to transfer and the molecules in the top plastic start with the same energy.

• The smaller top plastic piece will be cooler than the larger top plastic piece, because less energy has to transfer for the molecules to reach the same temperature as the molecules of the bottom plastic.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Jason put an apple on top of an ice pack in his lunch bag. By lunchtime the temperature of his apple had decreased. What happened to the molecules in the apple when the temperature of the apple decreased?

• The energy of the molecules in the apple decreased.

• The cold energy of the molecules in the apple increased.

• The apple lost heat molecules.

• The energy of the molecules in the apple increased.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Temperature is the __________ _________ energy of moving particles.

• total potential

• total kinetic

• average potential

• average kinetic

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Kekoa made a pot of applesauce, then put it into containers to store it. The containers are placed in two separate stacks. The diagram above shows the containers of applesauce before they touch each other. Use the information in the diagram to answer the question. After a while, which of the two top containers will be cooler, and why?

• The smaller top container will be cooler than the larger top container, because less energy has to transfer for the molecules to reach the same temperature as the molecules of the bottom container.

• Both top containers will be the same temperature, because both of the bottom containers have the same amount of energy to transfer and the molecules in the top containers started with the same energy.

• The larger top container will be cooler than the smaller top container. It started with more total energy, so less energy has to transfer for both containers in the stack to reach the same total energy.

• The larger top container will be cooler than the smaller top container, because the energy that transferred to it is spread out over more molecules.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

As temperature increases, molecules _____________.

• move slower

• move faster

• stop moving

• move the same speed

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

What is the difference between heat and temperature?

• Temperature measures the motion of molecules, and heat is the energy of that motion

• Temperature is measured by a thermometer, and heat is measured by a barometer

• Heat is measured in calories, and temperature is measured in joules

• Heat is caused by the sun, and temperature is caused by conditions in the atmosphere.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Why is there more thermal energy in an iceberg than in a pot of boiling water?

• The pot insulates the heated molecules

• Icebergs contain many more molecules than pots of water

• Most icebergs are fairly warm to the touch

• Water does not hold heat very well

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-4