Evolution Fitness

What is natural selection?

• Your natural fate is decided from birth

• Nature actively chooses who surivives

• Those best suited to demands of environment surivie

• The weakest of a species surivie

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Charles Darwin’s observation that finches of different species on the Galápagos Islands have many similar physical characteristics supports the hypothesis that these finches

• have the ability to interbreed.
  have the ability to interbreed.

• acquired traits through use and disuse.

• all eat the same type of food.

• descended from a common ancestor.

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All of these finches have different shaped beaks, they are an adaptation to gain access of 

• Water

• Food

• Shelter

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Biological fitness is defined as __________.

• the ability of an organism to survive and reproduce

• the average life span of an organism

• the amount of energy an organism can use in the environment

• the average life span of an organism

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How did Darwin's finches help support his theory of evolution?

• The finches all lived on different islands

• Only the largest birds had survived on the island, while the smaller ones went extinct

• The birds were different colors, which allowed for camouflage in different habitats

• The size and shape of their beaks varied due to the different environments they lived 

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Which of the following statements best describes what the word  'fittest'  means in the phrase "Survival of the fittest". 

• The organism that survives in their environment to produce more offspring is the fittest.

• The organism that collects the most resources is the fittest

• The organism that becomes the strongest individual is the fittest

• The organism that lives the longest is the fittest. 

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Which of the following is NOT an example of evolution?

• Over many generations, wild teosinte has become corn.

• When the Grand Canyon formed, it geographically divided a squirrel population into two populations, which developed into distinct species.

• A frog begins its life as a tadpole, but becomes an amphibian.

• Finches in the Galapagos islands have diversified over time into many species each well-suited for eating a particular type of food.

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Which of the following statements is INCORRECT ?

• Without mutations, there would be no evolution

• Mutations create diversity among life-forms

• Mutations are the source of new phenotypes

• Mutations happen when there is a need for a new trait in a population

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Which of the following is evidence of a common ancestor?

• Vestigial structures

• Fossil record

• Similarities in the embryo

• All of these

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The structures of the front flipper of a whale and the forearm of a wolf have similar bone structure and derive from a common ancestor. This is an example of __________.

• analogous structures

• homologous structures

• vestigial structures

• None of these

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