Evolution Review KHS

change in a trait or characteristic that increases an organism’s ability to survive and reproduce.

• extinction

• natural selection

• adaptation

• choice

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The theory that organisms best adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce.
"Survival of the fittest."

• Natural selection

• Adaptation

• Extinction

• Fossil

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WHY is this variation is best for survival?

• longer claws for fighting

• longer legs for running faster

• bigger ears for better hearing

• fur color that blends in to it's environment

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The pictures below show fossils of the pakicetus and aetiocetus, ancestors of the modern gray whale. What do the placement of the nostrils show? (click on the image to make it bigger)

• evidence that they evolved over time from an earlier species adapting physical characteristics to what was best suited for their environment

• evidence that the species lived in different areas of Earth at the same time which required different physical characteristics to suit their environments

• evidence that they did not change over time and the physical characteristics of the species remained the same

• evidence that the species migrated to environments that were best suited for their physical characteristics

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Which of the following correctly summarizes the physical changes that early humans went through over the past million years or so?

• Brain size increased as jaw size decreased

• Brain size decreased as jaw size increased

• Bipedalism increased as use of tools increased

• Bipedalism decreased as the use of tools increased

Which of the following is a key piece of evidence for human evolution?

• Ancient cave paintings

• Stone tools

• Fossilised human bones

• Old maps

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Which of the following is NOT a unique trait that evolved in humans?

• Bipedalism

• A large cranium

• Canine Teeth

• Use of tools

Humans evolved from chimpanzees

• True

• False

Answer explanation

Humans did not evolve from chimpanzees, but rather share a common ancestor with them. Therefore, the statement is False.

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A scientist described two modern-day species as sharing a common ancestor. What does it mean when two species share a common ancestor/

• It means that the two species are actually the same species

• It means that one of the species evolved from other species

• It means that both species evolved from one species that lived in the past.

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William discovered that two modern-day species have very similar DNA. He concludes that the two species are closely related. What type of evidence did William MOST LIKELY use to reach his conclusion?

• fossil evidence

• DNA evidence

• structural evidence

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