Bottleneck and Founder Effect

This occurs when a large population is drastically reduced by an event such as a natural disaster; the population's new gene pool only contains alleles from the survivors

• Founder effect

• Bottleneck effect

• Meteor effect

• Natural selection

• gene flow

• natural selection

• bottleneck effect

• founder effect

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Northern elephant seals have reduced genetic variation because of humans hunting them in the 1890s. Hunting reduced their population size to as few as 20 individuals at the end of the 19th century.

• Gene flow

• natural selection

• bottleneck effect

• founder effect.

In order for the genetic drift to occur, what is the necessary parameter?

• The population must be large.

• The population must be small.

• The population must be under environmental stress.

• The population must be sterile.

A drastic reduction in the size of a population that can change allele frequencies is called

• the bottleneck effect

• the founder effect

• the gene flow effect

• the Thanos effect

Describe the Bottleneck Effect and the Founders Effect.

• Both are types of genetic drift; the Bottleneck Effect occurs when a population's size is reduced for at least one generation, and the Founders Effect occurs when a new colony is started by a few members of the original population.

• Both are types of natural selection; the Bottleneck Effect occurs when a population's size is reduced for at least one generation, and the Founders Effect occurs when a new colony is started by a few members of the original population.

• Both are types of gene flow; the Bottleneck Effect occurs when a population's size is reduced for at least one generation, and the Founders Effect occurs when a new colony is started by a few members of the original population.

• Both are types of mutation; the Bottleneck Effect occurs when a population's size is reduced for at least one generation, and the Founders Effect occurs when a new colony is started by a few members of the original population.

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What does the Founder Effect refer to in the context of evolution and genetic change in populations?

• The effect of natural selection on a large, diverse population

• The genetic drift that occurs when a new population is established by a very small number of individuals from a larger population

• The increase in genetic mutations when a population size becomes too large

• The process by which a new species is created from an existing species

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Which of the following is an example of the founder effect?

• Humans choose two dogs they like the characteristics of and breed them together.

• Affected individuals with blue skin can trace their ancestry back to one of the first settlers in the region.

• The environment of a fox population changes and over time foxes who are white survive and pass on their genes to their offspring.

• Cheetah populations reach their lowest levels with reduced diversity and as they rebound are so genetically similar they appear to be inbred.

_______________ occurs when a population declines to a very small number then goes back up but results in a permanent loss of genetic diversity in the population (example: the Cheetah population)

• coevolution

• bottleneck

• archaeopteryz

• mutation

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Ten years ago, in a small population of ducks, two sizes of eyes were observed, large and small. Three ducks have large eyes and 7 have small.  2 of the large-eyed ducks are randomly hit by cars and killed. Today, no large-eyed ducks are present in the population.

• gene flow

• bottleneck

• mutation

• founders

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