Unit 6 AP Chemistry

Which of the following explains why atomic radius increases as you go down a group?

• The number of particles in the nucleus of the atom increases

• The number of electrons in the outermost shell of the atom increases

• The attractive force between the valence electrons and the nuclei of the atoms decreases

• the repulsive force between the valence electrons and the electrons in the inner shell decreases.

Chloroform, a toxic substance that may cause severe liver, kidney, and heart damage, has the percent composition by mass of this compound is 10.06% carbon, 0.84% hydrogen, and 89.09% chlorine. What is the empirical formula of this compound?

• C₃H₃Cl

• CH₆Cl₃

• CH₃Cl₃ 

• CHCl₃

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-7

When an electron is in a higher energy level, it is ___________ the nucleus and therefore has _______ Coulombic attraction to the nucleus and is ________ to remove (...it has a _________ 1st ionization energy.)

• closer to

  greater

  harder

  higher

• farther from

  less

  easier

  lower

• farther from

  greater

  easier

  higher

• closer to

  less

  harder

  lower

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-1

Moving across a row on the periodic table, the Z_eff (nuclear charge) _______, therefore the valence electrons are ________ attracted to the nucleus, therefore the atomic radius __________ and the ionization energy ____________. 

• decreases

  less

  increases

  decreases

• increases

  less

  increases

  increases

• increases

  more

  decreases

  increases

• decreases

  more

  decreases

  decreases

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-1

NGSS.HS-PS1-2

When reading a PES graph, a larger binding energy means

• there are more electrons in that sublevel

• the closer the electrons are to the nucleus

• the lower the ionization energy

• the further away the electrons are from the nucleus

Cations (+) are _________ than their atoms. Anions (−) are _________ than their atoms.

• smaller

  larger

• larger

  smaller

• smaller

  smaller

• larger

  larger

In a PES graph, 1s electrons will have a _______ binding energy than 2s electrons.

• higher

• lower

• same

When Ca becomes an ion, it _______ electrons and gets _________.

• loses

  smaller

• loses

  larger

• gains

  smaller

• gains

  larger

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-1

NGSS.HS-PS1-2

If a metal and a nonmetal are in the same period, the ______ will have the higher ionization energy because it has ___________________.

• metal

  higher effective nuclear charge

• nonmetal

  higher effective nuclear charge

• metal

  more energy levels

• nonmetal

  more energy levels

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-1

NGSS.HS-PS1-2

What element has the following mass spec data?

• Thulium

• Copper

• Europium

• Zinc

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-1