Matter and Cycles in Ecosystems

Water evaporates from the leaves of a plant and returns to the atmosphere in a process called

• transpiration

• respiration

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Which of the following explains the long term portion of the phosphorus cycle?

• Phosphorus is stored in rocks, and it is slowly recycled back into the ecosystem through weathering and erosion.

• Phosphorus is constantly cycled through the food chain starting at the producer level and working its way to the apex predator.

• Phosphorus does not have a long term portion.

• Phosphorus cannot be recycled and reused because it is a nonrenewable resource.

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What is another name for evaporation of water through the leaves of plants?

• Transpiration

• Condensation

• Precipitation

• Percolation

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Which of the following best explains why nitrogen fixation must take place?

• Atmospheric nitrogen is unusable to plants and animals

• Nitrogen must be returned to the atmosphere

• Animals must breathe in nitrogen

• Nitrogen gets "stuck" in the soil and must be untrapped

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How animals get the nitrogen they need

• from the air they breathe

• from the water they drink

• from the food they eat

• from the Sun

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Organism that breaks down dead plants & animals and releases nitrogen back into atmosphere

• bacteria

• plants

• animals

• producers

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What is the process that converts nitrogen into a form that can be used by plants and animals?

• Combustion

• Photosynthesis

• Decomposition

• Nitrogen Fixation

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How does phosphorus travel through an ecosystem?

• From the soil to producers and then from producers to consumers.

• From the air directly into consumers and then from consumers to producers.

• Phosphorus cannot travel through an ecosystem.

• From the soil to producers and that is as far as phosphorus may travel.

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If a farmer uses an excessive amount of fertilizer and this fertilizer washes into a nearby lake in runoff, what is likely to happen in this area?

• The plant life will grow exponentially, and many of the fish living in this area will die.

• The plant life will be destroyed, and many of the fish in this area will die due to a lack of food.

• The fish in this area will multiply exponentially, and they will destroy the plant life.

• Fertilizer will not affect the area because it only affects the growth of plants that grow on land.

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What is B?

• Evaporation

• Condensation

• Precipitation

• Runoff

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