Structure of Atoms Flash Cards

A chemist is identifying the elements found in a sample of pond water. What characteristic of an element's atoms always determines the identity of the element?

• Number of protons

• Number of neutrons

• Location of valence electrons

• Number of valence electrons

A student is studying sodium, a highly reactive metal that humans need to regular water balance in their bodies. Which characteristic of sodium is most closely related to its chemical reactivity?

• The 11 protons in each atom of sodium

• The density of sodium, which is 0.971 g/cm³

• The atomic mass of sodium, which is 22.990 amu

• The 1 valence electron in each atom of sodium

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-1

NGSS.HS-PS1-2

Students in a science class prepared flashcards so that they could quiz one another about the arrangement of the Periodic Table. One of the flash cards contained information about two elements, Element L and Element M.

The students had to use the information on the flash card to determine possible positions of the two elements on a blank periodic table.

Which periodic table has the elements placed in locations that match the information on the flash card?

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Based on the information in the table, which conclusion could be made about the reactivity of these elements?

• Boron is the most reactive because it has the most protons

• Fluorine is the most reactive because it has 7 electrons in the outer shell

• Silicon is the most reactive because it has an equal number of protons and neutrons

• Gallium is the most reactive because it has many more neutrons than protons

An atom has 82 protons, 125 neutrons, and 82 electrons. What is the charge of the atom's cloud?

• +82

• -82

• +125

• 0

Students were asked to identify the location of elements in the periodic table based on clues prints on game cards.

Based on the data, which periodic table shows the correct location of the four elements?

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What is the central part of an atom called?

• Nucleus

• Electron cloud

• Proton

• Neutron

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-1

Which subatomic particle has a positive charge?

• Electron

• Neutron

• Proton

• Photon

What determines the chemical element of an atom?

• Number of electrons

• Number of neutrons

• Number of protons

• Atomic mass

Which subatomic particle is found in the nucleus and has no charge?

• Proton

• Electron

• Neutron

• Positron