Earth Systems Test

Which is true about the inner core?

• It is dense and solid and has the highest temperature and greatest density.

• It is thin and crumbles easily and is made of rock.

• It is made of hot rock that flows as a plastic and forms convection currents.

• It is a shell of liquid iron that has a high temperature and creates Earth's magnetic field.

Which must occur for sedimentary rock to become igneous rock?

• Tectonic plates must drive sedimentary rock under the surface of the Earth so it can melt in to magma and become igneous rock as it cools.

• Wind and rain weather sedimentary rock and the sediments turn into igneous rock over time.

• Mountains erode to form sand particles which are cooled into igneous rock.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

How does the heat and the movement of Earth's mantle move the tectonic plates to form ocean basins?

• divergent plates?

• subducting plates

• converging plates

• transform plates

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

Which diagram shows how mountains are formed?

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

The movement of plate tectonics can cause both slow and rapid changes in Earth's surface. Which of the following is an example of a rapid change?

• Earthquake

• Seafloor spreading

• Mountain range formation

• Formation of ocean trench

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

A rock is made of sand, smaller pieces of rock and minerals. The rock has been exposed to high heat and pressure and has been transformed. What type of rock is it?

• metamorphic rock

• igneous rock

• sedimentary rock

• magma

Where do most volcanoes occur in the world?

• Along convergent boundaries.

• Along transform boundaries

• In the middle of tectonic plates

• Under the crust.

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NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

The continued rising and falling (due to heating and cooling) of magma within the Earth are known as __________ currents.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

The Theory of ___________ states that all the continents on Earth used to be joined as one giant landmass and have since slowly drifted to their current locations.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

The supercontinent that included all current land masses before they split apart is known as ___________.