Genetics Terminology

What is an allele?

• Someone who carries a recessive allele, but does not show it

• The genetic makeup of an organism

• The physical characteristic of an organism

• The various forms of a gene found on a chromosome

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Check the box that has the description of phenotype:

• When someone has both a dominant and recessive allele

• The physical characteristics of an organism

• When someone has two of the same alleles

• The genetic makeup of an organism

Write the term that is being described: Someone who is heterozygous, but carries a recessive allele that codes for a disease or disorder.

This genotype represents which of the following:

• Homozygous Dominant

• Homozygous Recessive

• Heterozygous

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A segment of DNA that codes for a trait

• gene

• centromere

• chromosome

• chromatid

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How many copies of each gene do you inherit from your parents?

• One copy from each parent

• Two copies from each parent

• One copy from one parent only

• Two copies from one parent and one copy from the other

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What is DNA?

• A type of protein that helps in digestion

• A molecule that contains the instructions an organism needs to develop, live, and reproduce

• A cell component that provides energy for the cell

• A type of carbohydrate that stores energy

Why are identical twins genetically identical?

• They inherit exactly the same genes from their parents

• They live in the same environment

• They eat the same food

• They are born at the same time

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Which of the following best describes why siblings (except identical twins) do not look exactly alike?

• They inherit different genes from their parents

• They choose different lifestyles

• They eat different foods

• They live in different environments

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What is the main function of genes?

• To provide energy to the cells

• To digest food

• To determine the traits of an organism

• To protect the cell from viruses

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