Biological Change

Fossils show that...

• The traits of animals have changed over time

• Once animals are adapted to eating something they never change their diet

• The traits of animals can be understood in relation to their environment

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-1

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

The theory of common ancestry states that all modern organisms...

• can change in response to environmental change

• have a single ancestral species

• have not changed over time

• can be arranged in a linear order from "least evolved" to "most evolved"

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-1

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

If the embryos of different species look similar, this shows...

• no evolutionary relationships between the groups

• recent common ancestry

• evolution from a distant common ancestor

• similar environments in the past

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

NGSS.MS-LS4-3

Natural selection is "survival of the fittest." This means that if a population of organisms does not adapt to its environment, it will eventually __________.

• become the dominant species

• increase gene pool

• become extinct

• none of the above

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-1

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

What is speciation?

• the ending or extinction of a single species

• the process of a single species changing gradually over time

• a single species has homologous structures with another species

• a process of some members of the species evolving into a separate species

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

a branched diagram that shows the relationships among organisms, including common ancestors

• Fossil Record

• Biological Evolution

• Cladogram

• Common Ancestor

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

Remember the light and dark moths? If there were a lot of light moths, but then the dark moths started to increase, which could be true?

• natural selection quickly changes the allele frequencies in a population

• predators prefer to eat the light moths

• the dark moths are physically superior to the light moths

• natural selection creates irreversible changes

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

According to the theory of natural selection...

• adaptations beneficial in one habitat are beneficial in all habitats. (example: if it's good to be dark colored in one place, it's good to be dark colored everywhere)

• different species occupying the same habitat will adapt to the habitat by undergoing the same genetic change. (organisms adapt in the same way)

• well-adapted individuals leave more offspring and thus contribute more to the next generation's gene pool than do poorly adapted individuals. (the organisms with helpful adaptations have more babies)

• adaptations beneficial at one time should generally be beneficial during all other times. (if a change helps an organism now, it will help it 100 years from now too)

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

What is an example of artificial selection?

• Letting dogs choose their own mate.

• Humans crossing a labrador with a poodle to create a labradoodle

• Farmers cross pollinating large cobs of corn to breed larger cobs of corn.

A variation that can help an organism survive in its environment, it is called a(n) _________

• adaptation

• characteristic

• vestigial structure

• competition

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-4