Nodes and Antinodes

A string is clamped at both ends and plucked so it produces a standing wave as shown above. How many nodes and antinodes are there?

• 2 nodes, 3 antinodes

• 3 nodes, 2 antinodes

• 4 nodes, 3 antinodes

• 3 nodes, 4 antinodes

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS4-1

NGSS.HS-PS4-5

Label the point with an antinode.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS4-1

NGSS.HS-PS4-3

Label the point with a node.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS4-1

What is the phase difference between a node and the successive (the next) antinode

• 45 degrees

• 90 degrees

• 180 degrees

• 0 degrees

How are standing waves formed in a pipe with two open ends

• a longitudinal wave travels the length of the pipe and reflects at the open end, in phase. This means the reflected wave and original wave will add constructively forming a node. A quarter wavelength inside the pipe, the reflected wave is 90 degrees ahead of the particles at the open end and the original wave is 90 degrees behind the particles at the open end. This means the particles are 180 degrees out of phase with each other compared to the open end (where there is zero degrees phase difference). This means they must cancel each other and form an antinode. If the other open end is a quarter wavelength from the node then the waves are in phase again and another node will form. So long as the length of the pipe is a multiple of half wavelengths, then a standing wave will fit in it, with nodes at the open ends.

• a longitudinal wave travels the length of the pipe and reflects at the open end, in phase. This means the reflected wave and original wave will add constructively forming an antinode. A quarter wavelength inside the pipe, the reflected wave is 90 degrees ahead of the particles at the open end and the original wave is 90 degrees behind the particles at the open end. This means the particles are 180 degrees out of phase with each other compared to the open end (where there is zero degrees phase difference). This means they must cancel each other and form a node. if the other open end is a quarter wavelength from the node then another antinode will form. So long as the length of the pipe is a multiple of half wavelengths, then a standing wave will fit in it, with antinodes at the open ends.

• a longitudinal wave travels the length of the pipe and reflects at the open end, in phase. This means the reflected wave and original wave will add constructively forming an antinode. A half wavelength inside the pipe, the reflected wave is 90 degrees ahead of the particles at the open end and the original wave is 90 degrees behind the particles at the open end. This means the particles are 180 degrees out of phase with each other compared to the open end (where there is zero degrees phase difference). This means they must cancel each other and form a node. if the other open end is a half wavelength from the node then another antinode will form. So long as the length of the pipe is a multiple of half wavelengths, then a standing wave will fit in it, with antinodes at the open ends.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS4-1

a standing wave in a string of length L (fixed at both ends) is produced when

• two travelling waves, travelling in the same direction and with the same frequency, superimpose.

• two travelling waves, travelling in the same direction and with the similar frequencies, superimpose so long as L = a multiple of λ/2 .

• two travelling waves, travelling in opposite directions and with the same frequency, superimpose.

• two travelling waves, travelling in opposite directions and with the same frequency, superimpose so long as L = a multiple of λ/2

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS4-1

NGSS.HS-PS4-5

What is the phase difference between two successive nodes in a standing wave?

• 45 degrees

• 90 degrees

• 180 degrees

• 0 degrees

What is the phase difference between a node and the successive antinode in a standing wave?

• 45 degrees

• 90 degrees

• 180 degrees

• 0 degrees

How are standing waves formed in a pipe with two open ends?

• A longitudinal wave travels the length of the pipe and reflects at the open end, in phase, forming a node. A quarter wavelength inside the pipe, the reflected wave is 90 degrees ahead of the particles at the open end and the original wave is 90 degrees behind the particles at the open end, forming an antinode.

• A longitudinal wave travels the length of the pipe and reflects at the open end, in phase, forming an antinode. A quarter wavelength inside the pipe, the reflected wave is 90 degrees ahead of the particles at the open end and the original wave is 90 degrees behind the particles at the open end, forming a node.

• A longitudinal wave travels the length of the pipe and reflects at the open end, in phase, forming an antinode. A half wavelength inside the pipe, the reflected wave is 90 degrees ahead of the particles at the open end and the original wave is 90 degrees behind the particles at the open end, forming a node.

• A longitudinal wave travels the length of the pipe and reflects at the open end, in phase, forming a node. A half wavelength inside the pipe, the reflected wave is 90 degrees ahead of the particles at the open end and the original wave is 90 degrees behind the particles at the open end, forming an antinode.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS4-1

NGSS.HS-PS4-5

What is the phase difference between two successive nodes in a standing wave?

• 45 degrees

• 90 degrees

• 180 degrees

• 0 degrees