Newton's Laws and Free Body Diagrams

A student pushes a box to right with a force of 10N while a young boy pushes the box to the left with a force of 8N. What is the sum of all forces on the box? 

• 18N left

• 18N right

• 2N right

• 2N left

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If net force acting on object is 0, then the force is considered to be..

• Balanced

• Unbalanced

• Equal in Direction

• Distance/Time

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Which type of force(s) will cause a change in an object's motion?

• gravity

• zero net force

• balanced forces

• unbalanced forces

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NGSS.MS-PS2-2

Which of Newton's Laws states acceleration is produced when a force acts on a mass. The greater the mass (of the object being accelerated) the greater the amount of force needed (to accelerate the object)?

• 1st Law, the Law of Inertia.

• 2nd Law, the Law of Acceleration

• 3rd Law, the Law of Action Reaction

• The Law of Conservation of Mass

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NGSS.MS-PS2-2

Drag the scenario to the correct Newton's Law.

Groups:

(a) Newton's 1st Law

,

(b) Newton's 2nd Law

,

(c) Newton's 3rd Law

• If air lets out of a balloon quickly, it pushes down and the balloon moves up.

• A soccer ball will not move until a player kicks it.

• F = ma

• A fireman turns on his hose and is knocked backwards.

• It takes less force to move a ping pong ball than a bowling ball.

• A ball rolling down hill continues to roll until friction makes it slow to a stop.

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NGSS.MS-PS2-2

Consider the four free body diagrams. Free-body diagrams are used to show the magnitude and direction of all forces acting on an object in a given situation. Do any of the free body diagrams indicate motion? If yes, which one(s).

• No. In all four free body diagrams the forces are balanced.

• Yes. In B the book is slowing down because of the friction force opposing motion.

• Yes. In D the two forces are unbalanced. The upward force is greater than the force of gravity so the object moves upward.

• Yes. In B and D. In both cases, forces are unbalanced. In B, there is a net force to the left; in D there is a net force upward.

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NGSS.MS-PS2-2

Liz puts a 1 kg weight and a 10 kg weight on identical sleds. She then applies a 10N force to each sled. Explain why the smaller weight has a larger acceleration.

• The same amount of force is applied to both sleds.

• The acceleration is directly proportional to the sled.

• It indicates the extent of the unbalanced forces present.

• Acceleration depends indirectly on the mass of the object.

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NGSS.MS-PS2-2

While studying Newton's laws of motion, Margie and her lab partner were tasked with determining the relationship between mass and force. They placed four different masses on a table and pulled them using a spring scale. The table shows the different masses used in the experiment and the force required to pull each mass.
The students concluded that more force was required to pull heavier objects. What comment would you make regarding this conclusion?

• No clear friction can be observed between mass and force from the data.

• There is a direct proportion between the mass and force listed in the table.

• There is an inverse proportion between the mass and force listed in the table.

• It cannot be determined until they consider the force of friction on the movement.

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NGSS.MS-PS2-2

John and Angie were each pushing a box across the floor. They both push their own box with a force of 30 Newtons; however, Angie's box does not move. What can you infer is the reason Angie's box didn't move?

• No work was done on the box.

• Gravity did not act on the box.

• John's box might have been on an incline.

• She was probably smaller than John so she didn't have enough strength to move the box.

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NGSS.MS-PS2-2

Urban hits his golf ball but is disappointed when it doesn't follow the course to the left. What does Newton's First Law of Motion say about the travel of an object?

• Every action has an equal and opposite reaction applies.

• Inertia accelerates due to the unbalanced forces present.

• An object at rest will move when external force is applied

• It will travel in a straight path unless changed by an external force.