Rock Transformations

On the island of Hawaii, Paul notices that the sand on the beach is black, the same color as the rock formations on the island. Paul realizes the sand used to be part of the rock formations. How did material from the rock formations turn into sand?

• Rays from the sun shone down on the rock, and it broke into pieces.

• If anything were left out for a long time, it would break into small pieces.

• The sand was formed by earthquakes, tsunamis, and other natural disasters. These disasters were strong enough to break the rock into small pieces.

• Wind and rain interacted with the rock, breaking it into small pieces.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

How can energy play a role in different rock types forming?

• Energy from different sources leads to different types of rock. Energy inside Earth melts rock into liquid rock, but energy from the sun causes rock to weather into small pieces of rock.

• Energy causes different types of rock to change in different ways. Energy changes igneous rock into liquid rock and changes sedimentary rock into small pieces of rock.

• Energy changes rock on different continents in different ways. Each continent on Earth on Earth has different rock that might form liquid rock or small pieces when exposed to energy.

• Energy caused one rock type to form, but not the other. Rock that forms because of energy is a different type of rock than rock that forms without energy.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

What are small pieces of rock?

• sample

• sediment

• subduction

• slices

Hank passes by a building every day on his way to school. He notices that the rock used to build the walls of the building is a different type than the rock used to build the steps. How could energy have played a role in the different rock types forming?

• Energy from different sources leads to different types of rock. Energy inside Earth melts rock into liquid rock, but energy from the sun causes rock to weather into small pieces of rock.

• Energy causes different types of rock to change in different ways. Energy changes igneous rock into liquid rock and changes sedimentary rock into small pieces of rock.

• Energy caused one rock type to form, but not the other. Rock that forms because of energy is a different type of rock than rock that forms without energy.

• Energy changes rock on different continents in different ways. Each continent on Earth has different rock that might form liquid rock or small rock pieces when exposed to energy.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

On vacation at a lake, Saira’s mom sees an interesting-looking rock formation. Saira just learned about rocks in geology class and tells her mom that the formation is made of gneiss, a type of metamorphic rock. How did this metamorphic rock form?

• Rocks don’t form; they stay as they are.

• It melted and cooled.

• It broke into sediment and then compacted.

• It was heated and put under pressure.

Reina is making museum exhibits about two different rock types. How could energy have played a role in the different rock types forming?

• Energy causes different types of rock to change in different ways. Energy changes igneous rock into liquid rock and changes sedimentary rock into small pieces of rock.

• Energy caused one rock type to form, but not the other. Rock that forms because of energy is a different type of rock than rock that forms without energy.

• Energy from different sources leads to different types of rock. Energy inside Earth melts rock into liquid rock, but energy from the sun causes rock to weather into small pieces.

• Energy changes rock on different continents in different ways. Each continent on Earth has different rock that might form liquid rock or small rock pieces when exposed to energy.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

Jasmine travels a lot and collects rocks wherever she goes. She was examining two rocks from her collection, and she noticed that they are different types of rock. How could energy have played a role in the different rock types forming?

• Energy changes rock on different continents in different ways. Each continent on Earth has different rock that might form liquid rock or small rock pieces when exposed to energy.

• Energy caused one rock type to form, but not the other. Rock that forms because of energy is a different type of rock than rock that forms without energy.

• Energy from different sources leads to different types of rock. Energy inside Earth melts rock into liquid rock, but energy from the sun causes rock to weather into small pieces of rock.

• Energy causes different types of rock to change in different ways. Energy changes igneous rock into liquid rock and changes sedimentary rock into small pieces of rock.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

Steve is making a model for geology class, showing how rocks form. He is wondering if his model should show how an igneous rock formation underneath Earth’s outer layer could turn into a sedimentary rock formation. Is this possible?

• Yes, if igneous rock is moved to Earth’s surface and exposed to energy from the sun, it could weather into small rock pieces that could form sedimentary rock.

• Yes, energy from Earth’s interior can cause igneous rock to break into small rock pieces that form sedimentary rock.

• No, sedimentary rock forms at Earth’s surface because energy from the sun causes rock to weather, but igneous rock under Earth’s outer layer is not exposed to energy from the sun.

• No, sedimentary rock can only form out of material from other sedimentary rock. There is no way that sedimentary rock can form from material in igneous rock.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

Michelangelo's David is a statue that was carved in the early 1500s. The statue is made from marble, which is a type of metamorphic rock. How did the metamorphic rock used in the David form?

• It melted and cooled.

• It broke into sediment and then compacted.

• It was heated and put under pressure.

• Rock doesn’t form; it stays as it is.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

Georgina is a rock collector. She is looking at some information about two of the rocks she has collected on her travels. The information is as follows: -Rock A formed from small pieces of rock. -Rock B formed from liquid rock in a different place. -Rocks A and B formed at about the same time. Are Rocks A and B the same or different types of rock?

• the same type because they both formed from rock material

• the same type because they formed at the same time.

• different types because they formed in different ways.

• different types because they formed in different places.