Science Cast Review

Species evolve at different rates. For example, bacteria are unlikely to become extinct because they adapt more quickly than mammals to environmental changes. Which of the following best explains the difference?

• Bacteria reproduce more rapidly, allowing the species to evolve more quickly

• Bacterial populations are more isolated, permitting increases in genetic variability

• Certain bacteria grow more steadily over time, giving an evolutionary advantage over mammals

• Individual bacteria have the same genes, providing opportunities for increased biodiversity in one population

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Which of the following statements about natural selection is most accurate?

• Natural selection is a random process that takes place over long periods of time

• Natural selection acts so that all negative traits in a population are removed over time

• Natural selection relies on advantageous traits becoming more common in the population

• Natural selection reduces the likelihood of extinction for organisms

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In the modern classification system, what category has the most organisms?

• Family

• Order

• Kingdom

• Phylum

When paleontologists study fossils, which is true of the fossil record that they find?

• The fossil record shows that organisms have changed very little over time

• The fossil record is inconsistent with the scientific theory of evolution

• The fossil record is very limited and offers little knowledge about the history of life

• The fossil record shows how different groups of organism have changed over time

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Sadie knows that bacteria can make people sick. He teacher told her that bacteria are also necessary in any ecosystem. What positive role do bacteria play in an ecosystem?

• Bacteria help in the transfer of oxygen between cells in multi-cellular organisms

• Bacteria break down organic material and return nutrients to the surrounding environment

• Bacteria use photosynthesis to create a major food source for animals in an ecosystem

• Bacteria release large amounts of oxygen into the atmosphere

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Plants make sugar molecules, which contain a good deal of energy. Where do they get the energy that goes into the sugar molecules?

• They harvest it from matter

• They manufacture it themselves

• They trap the energy in light

• They extract it from other cells

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Which of the following best explains what happens to most of the heat generated when food molecules are broken down in the body during cellular respiration?

• It is released to the surrounding environment

• It is used to maintain and regulate the body's processes

• It is destroyed as it is used by the body for fuel

• It is converted into fat and stored for later use

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Which of the following statements most accurately describes the energy transfer between the levels of food pyramid in The Indian River Lagoon?

• Energy stays in the phytoplankton at the lowest level

• Energy is released into the environment only from the egret

• Energy travels up from the phytoplankton to the clam worm

• Energy moves from the flounder to both the clam worm and the egret

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How does Darwin's writing use fossil evidence to support the theory of evolution?

• Fossils show a complete record of all species preserved from the past

• Fossils are used by scientists to predict future extinction rates of species

• Fossils give scientists proof that species rate of evolution depends on time

• Fossils provide evidence of the past that shows how species have changed over time

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Which kingdom would this organisms be identified under?

Single cell, with membrane bound organelles, can be heterotroph or autotroph (with some exceptions).

• Animalia

• Plantae

• Protist

• Eubacteria

• Fungi

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