Biology Sol Review

Which molecules are joined together to make proteins?

• fatty acids

• nucleic acids

• amino acids

• acetic acids

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Enzymes are proteins that help increase the rate of chemical reactions inside cells. These proteins are composed of many simpler molecules called amino acids. Which of the following suggests that the shape of an enzyme determines the enzyme’s function?

• Enzymes are specific to a substrate

•  Enzymes can operate in a wide range of conditions.

• Enzymes are activated by neighboring molecules.

• Enzymes can be found in all life-forms.

Which statement best describes the relationship between the products of photosynthesis and the reactants in cellular respiration?

• The products of photosynthesis serve as the reactants in cellular respiration to provide chemical energy.

• The products of photosynthesis combine with the reactants in cellular respiration to remove ATP from cells.

• The products of photosynthesis inhibit the reactants in cellular respiration in the presence of light.

• The products of photosynthesis change the structure of the reactants in cellular respiration in the presence of light.

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What is the main function of chloroplast?

• Mitosis

• Meiosis

• Translation

• Photosynthesis

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Which statement best explains how sweating during exercise maintains homeostasis?

• It regulates mineral concentrations in cells.

• It regulates body temperature.

• It maintains water balance.

• It maintains sugar balance in cells.

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Which best explains why the rate of a biochemical reaction decreases at high temperatures?

• The activation energy increases.

• The shape of the enzyme changes.

• The enzyme-substrate complex forms.

• The bonds between substrates are broken.

What do both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells contain?

• membrane-bound organelles

• linear chromosomes

• cytoplasm

• a nucleus

Leaves are part of a plant’s shoot system. The xylem tissue in leaves transports —

• the bacteria needed for nitrogen fixation in root nodules

• the wax required to coat the surface of actively growing tissue

•  the water and minerals that are absorbed by the roots

• the oxygen that regulates the rate of carbohydrate production

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Which best summarizes the role of DNA in the production of proteins?

• DNA moves to the cytoplasm to build proteins

• DNA transports amino acids to the ribosomes to make proteins

• DNA contains the instructions used to make proteins

• DNA breaks hydrogen bonds between amino acids

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The chemical colchicine disrupts cell division. Which cell process would most likely stop if colchicine were added to a culture of human liver cells?

• mitosis

• meiosis

• crossing over

• active transport

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