Translation of mRNA to Protein

Which type of RNA takes the instructions from the nucleus to the cytoplasm?

• mRNA

• tRNA

• rRNA

• RNA polymerase

DNA codes for (or makes)  a _______________?

• Protein

• Life form

• chromosome

• mRNA strand

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

DNA makes RNA → RNA makes proteins →

Proteins make life.

• Homeostasis

• Mendelian Genetics

• Central Dogma

• Myocardial Infarction

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Which of the following regarding the basic mechanism of gene expression is correct?

• a. DNA ―> RNA ―> protein

• b. DNA ―> protein ―> RNA

• c. RNA ―> DNA ―> mRNA ―> protein

• d. RNA ―> DNA ―> tRNA ―> protein

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Which process converts mRNA into a protein?

• Transcription

• Translation

• Replication

• Mutation

In the context of a biology lab experiment, Avery, Samuel, and Noah are observing a sample of mRNA under a microscope. They are discussing the role of a specific sequence. What is the significance of the start codon in this mRNA sample?

• It signals the ribosome to stop translation.

• It carries the signal to add a specific amino acid.

• It signals the ribosome to start translation.

• It marks the end of the mRNA molecule.

Tags

DOK Level 1: Recall

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

• To bring amino acids to the ribosome

• To carry the genetic code from DNA to the ribosome

• To form the structure of ribosomes

• To replicate DNA

How does the genetic code determine the sequence of amino acids in a protein?

• By the number of nucleotides in DNA

• By the sequence of sugars in mRNA

• By the order of nitrogenous bases in mRNA

• By the structure of the ribosome

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Describe the process of translation in terms of molecular interactions.

• tRNA molecules match their anticodons with codons on mRNA to add amino acids to the growing polypeptide chain.

• DNA directly synthesizes proteins without the need for mRNA.

• Proteins are synthesized directly from DNA in the nucleus.

• mRNA is replicated to form proteins.

Tags

DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept

Imagine Ethan is a chef trying to match the right ingredients (tRNA) with the recipe on his cooking book (mRNA). What is this process, similar to how tRNA matches its anticodon with the correct codon on the mRNA, called?

• Replication

• Transcription

• Translation

• Codon recognition

Tags

DOK Level 2: Skill/Concept