AP Bio Unit 6 Gene Expression

What determines the nucleotide sequence of the newly synthesized strand during DNA replication?

• the nucleotide sequence of the template strand

• the primase used in the reaction

When DNA is compacted by histones into 10 nm and 30 nm fibers, the DNA is unable to interact with proteins required for gene expression. Therefore, to allow for these proteins to act, the chromatin must constantly alter its structure. Which processes contribute to this dynamic activity?

• methylation and phosphorylation of histone tails

• nucleotide excision and reconstruction

In which of the following actions does RNA polymerase differ from DNA polymerase?

• RNA polymerase can initiate RNA synthesis, but DNA polymerase requires a primer to initiate DNA synthesis.

• RNA polymerase binds to single-stranded DNA, and DNA polymerase binds to double-stranded DNA.

RNA polymerase moves in which direction along the DNA?

• 3ʹ → 5ʹ along the template strand

• 3ʹ → 5ʹ along the coding (sense) strand

The initial steps in gene expression are modeled. Double-stranded DNA first unwinds into two strands. Which process and product are represented in the diagrams?

• Process: transcription; product: mRNA

• Process: translation; product: protein

• Process: replication; product: tRNA

• Process: recombination; product: polymerase

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

This type of RNA provides the instructions on how to assemble the amino acids.

• Messenger RNA

• Transfer RNA

• Ribosomal RNA

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Transcription and translation are important processes involved in gene expression. Which of the following is true about the products produced by these processes?

• Transcription produces DNA molecules, whereas translation produces proteins.

• Transcription produces RNA molecules, whereas translation produces proteins.

• Transcription produces proteins, whereas translation produces RNA molecules.

• Transcription produces RNA molecules, whereas translation produces DNA molecules.

Inducible ________ act like genetic on/off switches.

Contrast transcription and translation.

When present in the cell, IPTG binds to ​ (a)   which can then no longer bind to the ​ (b)   . Thus, ​ (c)   will be able to be expressed.​

• T7 expression host

• inducible promoter

• lac repressor

• lac promoter

• T7 polymerase

• plasmid

• GFP