AP Biology Evidence of Evolution

Humans, birds, whales and lizards all have similar arm bones. What do evolutionists consider is the reason for this?

• The function of these bones is the same in all animals

• They live in similar environments

• They have a common ancestor

• All organisms resemble humans

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The process by which populations slowly change over time is called__________

• selective breeding

• adaptation

• sepeciation

• evolution

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From an evolutionary perspective, organisms that share a common ancestor have structures that are similar, but have different functions.These similar structures are known as

• vestigial structures

• analogous structures

• homologous structures

• fossil structures

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2

The diagram shows fossils in different rock layers. Which of these statements about the age of these fossils is most likely correct from the evolutionary perspective?

• Fossil A and C are the same age

• Fossil B is older than fossil C

• Fossils A is older than fossil B

• Fossil D is older than fossil C

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The fossil record help scientists

• better understand the kinds of organisms that lived in the past

• better understand how the environment has changed over time

• better understand how organisms have evolved over time

• all of the above

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What is this an example of?

• vestigial structures

• embryology

• homologous structures

• fossil record

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Which is not evidence for evolution?

• many animals have homologous structures due to common ancestry

• Many animals have vestigial structures from an ancestor

• We can observe changes in life forms by observing the fossil record

• All of these are evidence for evolution

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Structures are similar in function but not in anatomical structure
EXAMPLE: bird wings vs. butterfly wings

• Vestigial

• Homologous

• Analogous Structures

• Embryonic

Which process of evolution is demonstrated below?

• Comparative anatomy

• Homologous structures

• Comparative embryology

• Vestigial structures

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Whales are aquatic mammals that contain a pelvis bone.  Even though it does not aid in its movement, the function must have been used by a common ancestor of the whale.  Thus, the pelvis is referred to as a(n)

• vestigial structure

• analogous structure

• homologous structure