Identifying the Substance of the Gene

Avery's Experiment is diagrammed here.

Avery added an enzyme known to break down PROTEINS to his extract, and saw that the bacteria were ____________________

• still transformed because DNA was the genetic material not protein

• not transformed because lipids are the genetic material

• all killed

• all of these

Answer explanation

The correct choice is still transformed because DNA was the genetic material not protein. Avery's experiment showed that DNA, not protein, was responsible for transformation.

Tags

HS-LS3-1

By using radioactive isotopes, Hershey and Chase were able to conclude that __ is/are the carrier(s) of genetic information.

• Nucleic Acid/DNA

• Proteins

• Carbohydrates

• Lipids

Answer explanation

Hershey and Chase used radioactive isotopes to show that Nucleic Acid/DNA is the carrier of genetic information, not Proteins, Carbohydrates, or Lipids.

Tags

HS-LS3-1

Learning Target 1

Avery added an enzyme known to break down DNA to his extract, and saw that the bacteria were __________________

• still transformed even without DNA present

• not transformed because DNA carries genetic info

• still transformed because protein carries genetic info too

• all killed

Answer explanation

The correct choice is 'not transformed because DNA carries genetic info.' The enzyme breaks down DNA, so without DNA, the bacteria cannot be transformed.

Tags

Learning Target 1

HS-LS3-1

What are three tasks that DNA must be able to perform in all organisms?

• It must store genetic information

• It must eliminate foreign genes.

• It must instruct cells to make the right molecules.

• It must copy itself.

• It must move around to different locations.

Answer explanation

DNA must store genetic information, instruct cells to make the right molecules, and copy itself in all organisms.

Tags

HS-LS1-1

Learning Target 1

What is the shape of the DNA molecule?

• Single helix

• Double helix

• Triple helix

• Quadruple helix

A segment of DNA that codes for a trait

• gene

• centromere

• chromosome

• chromatid

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

Which scientists used viruses and radioactive isotopes to definitively prove that DNA, and not protein, was the molecule of heredity?

• Griffith and Avery

• Chargaff and Franklin

• Watson and Crick

• Hershey and Chase

This scientist(s) found a "transforming principle" that changed harmless bacteria into harmful bacteria

• Mendel

• Avery

• Chargraff

• Griffith

The scientist(s) who settled the debate about whether it was proteins or DNA that was the genetic material of the cell

• Avery

• Hershey & Chase

• Watson & Crick

• Griffith

Scientist(s) who used chemical analysis to show that the genetic material in bacteria was DNA

• Griffith

• Hershey & Chase

• Mendel

• Avery