Digestive Anatomy

Which nerve is responsible for controlling the muscles of the oesophagus during swallowing?

• Vagus nerve

• Facial nerve

• Trigeminal nerve

• Hypoglossal nerve

The gastric mucosa contains specialized cells that secrete hydrochloric acid. What are these cells called?

• Goblet cells

• Parietal cells

• Chief cells

• Enteroendocrine cells

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-3

Which anatomical landmark marks the transition from the pharynx to the oesophagus?

• Epiglottis

• Cricoid cartilage

• Upper oesophageal sphincter (UES)

• Lower oesophageal sphincter (LES)

What is the primary function of the mucus produced in the stomach lining?

• Nutrient absorption

• Protection against gastric acid

• Enzyme secretion

• Mechanical digestion

Which of the following is a function of the stomach?

• Nutrient absorption

• Water reabsorption

• Mechanical digestion

• Vitamin synthesis

The upper oesophageal sphincter (UES) is primarily composed of:

• Skeletal muscle

• Smooth muscle

• Both skeletal and smooth muscle

• Connective tissue

What is the correct order of the alimentary canal?

• pancreas --> gall bladder --> salivary glands

• mouth --> esophagus --> stomach --> intestines

• intestines --> mouth --> stomach --> esophagus

• esophagus --> intestines --> mouth --> stomach

Which part of the digestive system is primarily responsible for nutrient absorption?

• Stomach

• Small intestine

• Large intestine

• Esophagus

What enzyme, produced in the salivary glands, begins the digestion of carbohydrates?

• Pepsin

• Amylase

• Lipase

• Trypsin

Which structure prevents food from entering the trachea during swallowing?

• Epiglottis

• Uvula

• Soft palate

• Tonsils