Evolution Study Guide

When organisms are better adapted to their environment they will survive and reproduce more successfully than organisms less adapted. This process is called —

• selective breeding

• natural selection

• evolution of all species

• cloning

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The environment around Manchester, England, changed during the Industrial Revolution.  How did this change affect peppered moths living in the area?

• Natural selection favored moths with dark wings because predators could not see them on the soot-colored trees.

• Natural selection favored moths with white wings that were easy for predators to see.

• Natural selection favored moths with white wings because predators could not see them on the soot-colored trees.

• Natural selection caused moths with white wings to become extinct.

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When an organism completely dies out, it is called.....

• Adaption

• Extinction

• Fossilization

• Mutation

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An adaptation is

• Body parts of different organisms that performs similar functions but do not have similar structures

• The process by which species of organisms change over time

• a trait that helps an organism survive in a particular setting

• When you get bit by a spider and get cool Spider -senses

A vestigial structure is...

• A cool new vest you can wear

• a body part that does not seem to have a function in an organism.

• an arrangement of and relations between the parts or elements of something complex

• body parts of different organisms that have a similar structure but not necessarily a similar function

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species that do NOT adapt to their environment are likely to

• become extinct

• destroy the environment

• become evolved

• be changed

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Structures that have similar functions but different origins (ex. Wings of a moth and wings of a bird are both for flying but they are entirely different structures)

• analogous structures

• homologous structures

• vestigial structures

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What do Fossils show us?

• Exactly what dead organisms looked like

• How much or how organisms have changed over time

• How organisms have stayed the same

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This provides information about the history of life on earth and how organisms lived and evolved over time.

• fossil data

• fossil evidence

• fossil  record

• remains of fossil

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The changes an organism make to its behavior or body structure to be better suited for survival in an environment. 

• Adaptation

• Behavior

• Fossil

• Nutrient

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