Principles of Ecology

Which of the following is NOT a biotic factor?

• Plants

• Insects

• Soil type

• Small animals

What is an example of a biotic factor in a stream?

• pH of the water

• Algae

• Temperature range of the water

• Salt concentration of the water

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NGSS.MS-LS2-4

What happens in the upper intolerance zone in the graph?

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NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

What is the most complex level of organization in nature?

• Ecosystem

• Biome

• Biosphere

• Biological community

What is a biome?

• A group of organisms of the same species

• A group of ecosystems that share the same climate and types of communities

• A living individual

• A set of abiotic factors

Barnacles are animals that cannot move very far or quickly. In order to get food, they attach to whales and catch any floating plankton in the water. The whale is not hurt but also not helped by the barnacles. What type of interaction is this?

• Mutualism

• Commensalism

• Parasitism

• Competition

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NGSS.MS-LS2-2

In the wild, some alligators gets their teeth cleaned by birds. The birds gets their food from the alligators' teeth. What type of interaction is this?

• Mutualism

• Commensalism

• Parasitism

• Predation

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NGSS.MS-LS2-2

What is the study of relationships among living and nonliving parts of an environment called?

• Predation

• Geology

• Biology

• Ecology

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NGSS.MS-LS2-2

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Based on the food web, a primary consumer is the:

• rabbit

• snake

• grass

• blue jay

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NGSS.MS-LS2-4

All the organisms that provide the energy for consumers are called (select all that apply):

• detritivores

• producers

• decomposers

• heterotrophs

• autotrophs

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3