AP Biology Energy Review

Which of the following statements correctly describes any chemical reaction that has reached equilibrium?

• The reaction is now irreversible.

• The rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal.

• Both forward and reverse reactions have halted.

• The concentrations of products and reactants are equal.

Many mammals control their body temperature by sweating. Which property of water is most directly responsible for the ability of sweat to lower body temperature?

• water's change in density when it condenses

• the absorption of heat by the breaking of hydrogen bonds

• the release of heat by the formation of hydrogen bonds

• water's ability to dissolve molecules in the air

Which of the following categories includes all others in the list?

• carbohydrate

• polysaccharide

• disaccharide

• starch

Which of the following statements concerning unsaturated fats is true?

• They contain more hydrogen than do saturated fats having the same number of carbon atoms.

• They generally solidify at room temperature.

• They are more common in animals than in plants.

• They have double bonds in their fatty acid chains.

What is the function of a carbohydrate?
(Why do I need this before a workout?)

• Quick energy

• Movement

• Stores genetic information

• Speeds up reactions

Which of the following is essential to proper functioning of all prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms?

• O₂

• CO₂

• ATP

• NaCl

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NGSS.HS-LS1-7

Certain seaweeds contain a greater concentration of iodine inside their cells than there is in the seawater surrounding them. The energy required to maintain this concentration difference is most closely associated with the action of

• ribosomes

• mitochondria

• vacuoles

• nuclei

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NGSS.HS-LS1-3

The molecular formula for glucose is C₆H₁₂O₆. What would be the molecular formula for a polymer made by linking 10 glucose molecules together by dehydration reactions?

• C₆₀H₁₁₁0₅₁

• C₆₀H₁₀₂0₅₁

• C₆₀H₁₂₀0₆₀

• C₆₀H₁₀₀0₅₀

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NGSS.HS-LS1-6

A slice of pizza has 500 kcal. If we could burn the pizza and use all the heat to warm a 50-L container of cold water, what would be the approximate increase in the temperature of the water? (Note: A liter of cold water weighs about 1 kg.)

• 1°C

• 5°C

• 10°C

• 50°C

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NGSS.HS-PS3-1

NGSS.HS-PS3-4

Which of these factors can affect the initial rate of an enzyme reaction?

• Enzyme concentration

• Substrate concentration

• Temperature

• pH

• All of the above