Mutations and Biotechnology

Cancer is defined as the

• uncontrolled division of mutated cells

• normal division of cells

• normal DNA replication

• abnormal ATP synthesis

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A mutation occurs on individual gene. It changed the mouse's white fur to dark. If these mice lived on black volcanic rock, this would be a:

• Harmful mutation

• Neutral mutation

• Beneficial mutation

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The survival of a species depends on its ability to adapt to changes in the environment. A species must be capable of surviving and reproducing despite changes to food sources, climate, or threats from predators. Which statement correctly describes a way that mutations increase the likelihood that a species will survive in a changing environment?

• Mutations are a source of variation in the species

• Mutations are the cause of disease in the species

• Mutations are not harmful when they occur in the somatic cells of the species

• Mutations are always passed on to subsequent generations of the species

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What is a benefit of biotechnology in agriculture?

• improving solar energy collection

• creating GPS guided farm equipment

• creating crops/foods that are disease and pest resistant

• repairing soil quality with new equipment

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GMO stands for

• Genetically Made Organism

• Growing More Organisms

• Genetically Modified Organism

• Growing Many Organisms

Sickle cell anemia is a genetic disease with severe symptoms including pain and anemia. The disease is caused by a mutated version of the gene that helps make hemoglobin — a protein that carries oxygen in red blood cells. Under conditions such as high elevation and intense exercise, a carrier of the sickle cell allele may show symptoms such as pain and fatigue. Carriers of the sickle cell allele are resistant to malaria, because the parasites that cause this disease are killed inside sickle-shaped blood cells. Is this mutation considered helpful, harmful, or neutral. Select all that apply

• Helpful, because they are resistant to malaria

• Harmful, because it causes pain and fatigue

• Neutral, because it is does not affect the individual

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________ are changes in genetic material. 

• Genes

• Mutations

• Variations

• Biology

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Forensic scientists study ______ to help figure out crimes.

• DNA

• plants

• cells

• fossils

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Changes in the order of nitrogenous bases within DNA are known as _____.

• mutations

• gene alterations

• mutagens

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The following original section of DNA is replicated, and a mutation occurs in the sequence. Compare the original sequence to the copied sequence. Which type of mutation occurred?

• deletion

• insertiong

• subsitution

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