Biological Relationships

What is a model that shows how energy is passed from one organism to another in an ecosystem?

• Food Chain

• Energy Pyramid

• Carbon Cycle

• Water Cycle

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NGSS.MS-LS1-6

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What is a model that shows the many different ways in which energy is passed from one organism to another in an ecosystem?

• Food Web

• Food Chain

• Energy Pyramid

• Trophic Level

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

What do the treelike and branching diagrams of various species or family members represent?

• Relationships between species (or individuals) and their common ancestors

• Only the lifespan of individual species

• Random distribution of species in different environments

• Individual habits of organisms

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2

What evidence do you think similar bone structures in animal limbs provide?

• The patterns suggest a common ancestry and evolutionary adaptations for different functions.

• The patterns show that these animals do not share any common traits.

• The evidence implies that the limbs evolved purely out of necessity without any shared traits.

• The patterns indicate random changes without any evolutionary relationships.

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2

What evidence can fossils provide about modern organisms?

• Fossils provide no useful information about modern organisms.

• Fossils can show similarities between ancient and modern organisms, indicating evolutionary relationships.

• Fossils show only differences and not similarities between ancient and modern organisms.

• Fossils can only be used to understand extinct species.

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NGSS.MS-LS4-1

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Why do scientists find it useful to compare DNA of different plants and animals?

• To see how many similarities exist in physical appearances

• To determine evolutionary relationships more accurately

• To guess how old the organisms are

• To find out which animals are more important

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2

Analyze the cladogram below. The fish is most closely related to the ________.

• human

• amphibian

• bird

• prosimian

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2

What is a homologous structure?

• having a body part that has no known function

• similar structures in more than one organism because they evolved from a common ancestor

• similar structures that evolved independently in two living organisms to serve the same purpose

• a structure that evolved to help an organism survive in their environment

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2

Dorsal fins in sharks and dolphins are an example of

• homologous structures

• vestigial structures

• water to land evolution

• analogous structures

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2

What is true about the embryology of vertebrate organisms?

• Embryos look the same as the adult organism

• Haeckel's drawing were completely accurate and detailed

• Embryos do not change much during development

• The more closely related two organisms are, the closer their embryology will be.

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2

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