IB Biology Evolution

Lichens are returning to the forests of the industrial areas of the UK due to strict pollution control. What is the expected outcome in the population of peppered moths (Biston betularia)?

• Increased numbers of light coloured peppered moths

• Increased industrial melanism in peppered moths

• Increased predation of peppered moths

• Increased speciation of peppered moths

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According to fossil records, the horses that lived 50 million years ago were much smaller, weaker and slower than modern horses. Which process is most likely responsible for the changes that have led to the increased size, strength, and speed in horses?

• commensalism

• inbreeding

• migration

• evolution by natural selection

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The diagram illustrates an embryonic stage of two organisms.Which of the following can be determined by observing the embryos shown in the diagram? 

• The organisms share a common ancestry.

• The organisms belong to the same genus.

• The organisms are native to the same geographic areas.

• The organisms will grow into anatomically similar adults.

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The diagram represents the relationship between beak structure and food in several species of finches found on the Galapagos Islands. The different beak structures observed in the diagram are evidence of

• different species of finches adapting to different environments over many generations

• finches changing their beak characteristics so that they could feed efficiently

• finch species with different beak structures coming to the Galapagos Islands from the mainland

• finches mating with birds of other species and acquiring some of their traits

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What is evolution?

• A process by which species of organisms arise from earlier life forms and undergo change over time.

• A theory that explains the origin of the universe

• A process by which organisms develop immunity to diseases

• A theory that explains the behavior of atoms and molecules

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What is Evolution?

• The change of climate over time

• The change of genetic information of a population over time

• The change of geological formations over time

• The change of technology over time

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The theory of evolution states that...

• Change happens rappidly

• Genes point to common ancestry

• Change happens to individuals

• Change happens gradually, over time

• Change happens in populations

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The theory of evolution states that

• species change over time, sometimes developing into new species

• species that are extinct have no biological relationship to living species

• the environment of Earth is constant over time

• different animal species always interbreed to form new and different species

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Evolution is the widely held notion that all life is related and has descended from a common ancestor: the birds and the bananas, the fishes and the flowers
 -- all related That is, complex creatures evolve from more simplistic ancestors naturally over time.

• Fact

• Theory

• Law

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Natural selection results in change in a population's _____________ traits over time.

• inherited

• acquired

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