Biology EOC Evolution

The table shows information about different kinds of modified leaves. Which statement best explains how the information in the table supports the theory of evolution?

• A. The table provides evidence that some species are more fit than others.

• B. The table provides evidence that a single structure can develop diverse forms.

• C. The table provides evidence that a species has become more diverse over time.

• D. The table provides evidence that plant structures develop from similar embryos.

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NGSS.HS-LS4-1

NGSS.HS-LS4-2

NGSS.HS-LS4-4

Fossils of canines were found on opposite sides of a mountain range. The fossils are from species that are similar but not identical. These fossils were very similar, although the climates and regions were extremely different on each side of the range. These fossils provide evidence for the theory of evolution. What does the similarity of the fossils exemplify?

• coevolution

• biogeography

• vestigial structures

• analogous structures

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NGSS.MS-LS4-1

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When Charles Darwin explored the Galapagos Islands off the coast of South America, he noticed that each island was home to a different species of giant tortoise, recognizable by the shape of its shell. This observation was a key piece of evidence upon which he based his theory of evolution. Which statement best explains this phenomenon?

• A. The different species of giant tortoise were dispersed randomly on each island as a result of genetic drift.

• B. The different species of giant tortoise were a product of Lamarkian evolution and developed adaptations as a result.

• C. The different species of giant tortoise were descended from South American giant tortoises with developed adaptations.

• D. The different species of giant tortoise were originally located on the mainland with specific physical traits for particular

• habitats.

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2

Which of the following is the correct definition of natural selection?

• The idea that organisms less equipped for their environment tend to survive longer

• The idea that organisms more well equipped for their environment tend to survive longer

• The idea that organisms more well equipped for their environment tend to not survive

• None.

Remains of ancient organisms are called

• Extinctions

• Fossils

• Mutations

• Variations

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NGSS.MS-LS4-1

A category of structures that have a similar function, but are structurally different.

• Homologous structures

• Analogous structures

• Vestigial structures

• Common core structures

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2

What type of structure does this image illustrate?

• Homologous structures

• Analogous structures

• Vestigial structures

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2

What are the most important characteristics of analogous structures?

• Structures that perform the same function

• Structurally different

• Structurally the same

• Structures that perform different functions

A type of structure that is physically present, but does not seem to serve a significant function for an organism.

• Homologous structure

• Analogous structure

• Vestigial structure

• Standard structure

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2

The appendix, tailbone, and wisdom teeth are all examples of what type of structure in humans?

• Homologous

• Analogous

• Vestigial

• Modern