High School Physical Science Review

A student places a 200 g chocolate bar in a pan, heats the pan, and observes that the bar melts. The student removes the pan from the heat and leaves the chocolate undisturbed to cool. After an hour, the student observes that the chocolate has become a hard solid with a mass of 200 g. How can the student classify this change?

• It is a reversible change because the mass of the chocolate is the same after cooling.

• It is an irreversible change because the shape of the chocolate changes.

• It is a reversible change because the chocolate returns to its solid state after cooling.

• It is an irreversible change because the solid chocolate changes into a liquid.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

The student observes that as marble chips are dissolved in the acid, bubbles start to form. The student also notices that the flask is warm to touch.

What evidence identifies the type of change taking place in the experiment?

• The rise in temperature indicates a chemical change.

• The dissolving marble chips indicate a physical change.

• The rise in temperature indicates a physical change.

• The change of phase of the marble chips indicates a chemical change.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

A student places four same-sized blocks (P, Q, R, and S) made of different materials in a beaker with water. The student observes what happens to each block and makes a list of conclusions. What conclusions are correct?

• 1 and 3

• 2 and 3

• 1 and 2

• 2 and 4

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

The table shows the physical properties of two materials (X and Y).

Which statement is correct?

• Both Materials X and Y are liquids.

• Material X is a solid, and Material Y is a gas.

• Material X is a liquid, and Material Y is a gas.

• Both Materials X and Y are solids.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Which of the following best defines science?

• A collection of unchangeable facts about the natural world

• The study of the natural world through observation, identification, description, experimental investigation, and theoretical explanations

• A belief system based on assumptions about the natural world

• A method for proving theories beyond doubt

Tags

DOK Level 1: Recall

Which of the following is a chemical property of matter?

• Color

• Density

• Flammability

• Melting point

What is the result of a chemical reaction between vinegar and baking soda?

• Water

• Carbon dioxide gas

• Oxygen gas

• Hydrogen gas

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

Potassium nitrate is a salt that dissolves in water. A teacher fills three beakers with 100 mL of water at different temperatures (20°C, 40°C, and 60°C) and adds salt to each beaker in small amounts until no more salt can be dissolved. The graph shows the amount of salt dissolved in each beaker.

What can be concluded from the graph?

• The solubility of the salt increases with temperature.

• Water dissolves salts only at high temperatures.

• The salt needs large amounts of water to be dissolved.

• More salt dissolves in water at lower temperatures.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

A student conducts an activity to compare the hardness of three materials, M, N, and O. The student knows that harder materials scratch softer materials. The student rubs each material against the surfaces of the other two materials and records observations in a table.

How should the materials be sequenced to show decreasing order of hardness?

• Material O; Material M; Material N

• Material M; Material O; Material N

• Material M; Material N; Material O

• Material O; Material N; Material M

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

A student makes a partial circuit by connecting a battery with a light bulb using wires. The student then completes the circuit using different materials to check if the light bulb glows, as shown in the setup and table.

Which material can be classified as an electrical conductor?

• plastic spoon

• rubber band

• iron paper clip

• strand of wool

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-3