Conservation of Energy Mechanical Energy

The International Space Station revolves around Earth at a constant distance above Earth's surface. Which of the following claims about the energy of the station is true?

• It has no energy because it is stationary.

• It has potential energy but does not have kinetic energy.

• It has kinetic energy but does not have potential energy.

• It has both potential energy and kinetic energy.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Which of these is an example of the conversion of elastic potential energy into kinetic energy?

• a person running on a level track

• an apple falling from a tree to the ground

• a windup spring making a toy car move across the floor

• a rubber band that is being stretched to twice its normal length

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NGSS.MS-PS3-2

Which of the following demonstrates an airplane converting kinetic to potential energy?

• It ascends to a higher altitude.

• More passengers board the plane.

• It moves downward to make a landing.

• The wheels spin as it moves on the ground.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Sarah is sitting at the top of the slide in the school's playground. Which of the following changes will increase Sarah's kinetic energy?

• An additional child is added to the top of the slide.

• Sarah is pushed and moves down the slide.

• Sarah climbs down the ladder and off the slide.

• The ladder is moved to the other side of the yard.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-1

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Tyler has learned that potential energy is energy stored. Tyler's teacher asks the students to come up with a demonstration of potential energy. Which of the following would best work for this demonstration?

• A parked car in the driveway.

• Wheels spinning on the ground.

• A rock after it has been thrown.

• A child at the top of a slide.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-2

Which of these best shows a change from potential to kinetic energy?

• Water flowing over a tall cliff

• A metal spring being stretched

• Electricity making a bulb light up

• A stone lying on top of a mountain

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NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Energy is always conserved. It cannot be created or destroyed. It can, however, be transferred between objects or systems, from one form to another. Which of the following is true of the relationship between kinetic and potential energy?

• When a system loses kinetic energy, it loses potential energy.

• As kinetic energy decreases, potential energy decreases.

• When a system gains kinetic energy, it loses potential energy.

• As kinetic energy increases, potential energy increases.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

When water falls through a dam and turns a turbine connected to a generator, electricity is produced. This electricity is often used to light our homes and offices. Which of the following shows the energy transformations that occurs?

• electrical → radiant→ mechanical

• chemical → mechanical → electrical

• mechanical → chemical → radiant

• mechanical → electrical → radiant

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NGSS.MS-PS3-5

At which point on the roller coaster is the gravitational potential energy at its maximum and kinetic energy at its minimum?

• A

• B

• C

• D

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NGSS.MS-PS3-2

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

As a pendulum swings from its highest to lowest position, what happens to its kinetic and potential energy?

• The PE and KE both increase

• The PE decreases while the KE increases

• The PE and KE both decrease

• The PE and KE do not change

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NGSS.MS-PS3-2

NGSS.MS-PS3-5