Chemistry of Life Review

Because of water's polarity, what types of things can it most readily dissolve?

• non-polar substances

• ionic compounds

• lipids

• gasoline

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS2-5

What makes carbon such a special atom?

• it is the basis for inorganic chemistry

• it has 4 valence electrons and can thus form 4 bonds with other atoms

• it forms the backbone of DNA

• it tends to form ionic bonds

Carbon-carbon bonds can be:

• single only

• single and double

• single, double and triple

• double only

Most macromolecules are formed by a process known

as polymerization in which large compounds are built by joining smaller ones together. The smaller units, or _____________, join together to form _______________.

• polymers / monomers

• monomers / polymers

Carbohydrates are composed of

• C, H, N

• C and H only

• C, H, O

• C, P, H

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

Simple sugars (like glucose) are:

• monosaccharides

• disaccharides

These molecules mainly consist of carbon and hydrogen and are not soluble in water:

• carbohydrates

• lipids

• nucleic acids

• proteins

Lipids are formed when:

• glucose + glycogen

• glucose + glycerol

• glycerol + fatty acids

• nucleic acids + proteins

If all fatty acid carbon-carbon bonds are single it is categorized as:

• saturated

• unsaturated

• polyunsaturated

If fatty acid carbon-carbon bonds contain one double bond, it is categorized as:

• saturated

• polyunsaturated

• unsaturated