Chapter 14 Pretest

The majority of Earth's freshwater is found in:

• Rivers

• Groundwater

• Ice caps and glaciers

• Lakes

Which process in the water cycle is responsible for water vapor returning to a liquid state?

• Evaporation

• Condensation

• Transpiration

• Precipitation

A confined aquifer differs from an unconfined aquifer because it:

• Has no water

• Has an impermeable layer above and below it

• Is only found in the ocean

• Is more easily contaminated

What is the primary use of freshwater in the United States?

• Drinking water

• Industrial processes

• Irrigation for agriculture

• Hydroelectric power generation

Which of the following is a major consequence of groundwater overuse?

• Increased rainfall

• Desertification

• Aquifer recharge

• Decreased evaporation

Which human activity is most responsible for cultural eutrophication?

• Overfishing

• Oil spills

• Excessive use of fertilizers

• Building dams

Point source pollution differs from nonpoint source pollution because:

• Point source pollution comes from a specific, identifiable location

• Nonpoint source pollution is easier to clean up

• Nonpoint source pollution is only caused by factories

• Point source pollution only occurs in urban areas

Which of the following is an example of a nonpoint source of water pollution?

• A. A leaking oil pipeline

• B. Runoff from agricultural fields

• C. A factory discharging waste into a river

• D. A sewage treatment plant releasing treated water

What is the primary goal of the Clean Water Act?

• Increase water privatization

• Regulate and reduce water pollution

• Promote bottled water consumption

• Eliminate all water usage in agriculture

What is one major environmental impact of dams?

• Increased groundwater infiltration

• Disruption of natural fish migration

• Lower evaporation rates

• Increased biodiversity downstream